Malignant melanoma of the uvea (maligmentmelanomaofuvea) is the most common malignant intraocular tumor in adults, accounting for the highest incidence of intraocular tumors in foreign countries and the second highest in China after retinoblastoma. This tumor is highly malignant, easily metastasized via blood stream, and is more common in adults, and is easily confused with many fundus diseases in clinical work. Therefore, it should be given full attention in the clinical work of ophthalmology. The disease is more common in middle-aged and older patients. The posterior pole of the eye is the preferred site, and the incidence decreases in descending order in the forward direction. Melanocytoma can be composed of epidermal melanocytes, nevus cells or dermal melanocytes. The tumor originates from the neural crest of the ectoderm, and the melanocytes are located in an arrangement between the epidermis and the basal cells. After the cells produce pigment, they deliver melanin granules to the basal cells and the hair via dendrites. Most malignant melanomas occur due to malignant transformation of nevi caused by repeated rubbing, scratching and injury. Improper excavation and drug erosion can transform benign nevi into malignant melanomas. Pregnancy or women of childbearing age can cause malignant melanoma to develop rapidly, suggesting that the disease is endocrine-related. In terms of age, it occurs mostly in middle-aged and elderly people, and very rarely in prepubertal age.