In fact, there are many topics and contents about hemorrhoids in the society, and the saying “nine out of ten people have hemorrhoids” is not too much to say from the current high prevalence of hemorrhoids in general. Because of the nature of hemorrhoids as an anal disease, they have a high incidence in the population. Although most people are in fact concerned about hemorrhoids, the lack of professional knowledge of anal diseases, coupled with the role of personal neglect of hemorrhoids, often leads to hemorrhoids from a minor disease into a serious anal disease. This is related to the current social environment and also the lack of knowledge about anal diseases. Because of its specificity and high prevalence, hemorrhoids have the highest incidence among occupations such as office workers, IT people and drivers. But one of the more serious problems that exists is the fact that the high incidence of hemorrhoids is not enough attention to hemorrhoids. They do not pay attention to hemorrhoids in the early stages of their occurrence, and tend to develop to a very serious point before going to a specialist hospital anorectal department for treatment. This is a misconception and a common social phenomenon, and one that needs to be addressed urgently. So how can you effectively determine if it is hemorrhoids? The common causes of hemorrhoids 1, physiological reasons: due to the physiological structure of the human body characteristics, when standing or sitting straight, the anus is located low, subject to the physical action of the reason easy to produce hemorrhoids. It is often said that “nine out of ten hemorrhoids” and their own physiological structure are inseparable, while the incidence of animal hemorrhoids is very small. 2, bad habits: daily diet like eating spicy food, long-term drinking alcohol can cause hemorrhoid disease. Reading a book and newspaper when entering the toilet and stool or smoking when stooling can also cause hemorrhoids. The bad habits are an important reason for the occurrence of hemorrhoids. 3, occupational habits: due to occupational reasons, the need to stand or sit for a long time, are likely to trigger hemorrhoids. In IT, teachers and drivers who need to stand or sit for long periods of time, the phenomenon of hemorrhoids is particularly serious. 4, part of the anorectal disease: diarrhea and constipation are important causes of hemorrhoids. Longer bowel movements or prolonged diarrhea can lead to increased anal pressure, resulting in hemorrhoids. The most important thing is that you can get a good idea of what you’re looking for. 5, genetic factors and pregnancy hemorrhoids: hemorrhoids have a higher incidence in a family, and genetic factors are greatly related. Pregnant women during pregnancy and childbirth are also highly susceptible to hemorrhoids because of their body physiology. Prevention methods for hemorrhoids Prevention method 1: Develop a good habit of having regular bowel movements every day, solid once a day. When having a bowel movement, concentrate on not reading a book or newspaper, and each bowel movement should not take more than 10 minutes. After defecation, it is best to sit in a bath with warm water for 10 minutes. Usually both to prevent constipation, and to eliminate diarrhea. Prevention method two: diet also needs to be regularized, try not to drink alcohol, especially white wine and strong wine, eat less spicy stimulating food, eat more vegetables, fruits, and high fiber diet has a good effect on the prevention of hemorrhoids. Prevention Method 3: Changing positions regularly and being more active and exercising is an important measure to prevent hemorrhoids. Do more anal lifting exercises every morning or evening, for about 30 minutes each time. Internal hemorrhoids are pathological changes and displacements of the supporting structures of the anal cushion (vascular cushion of the anal canal), the vascular plexus and the arteriovenous anastomosis; external hemorrhoids are dilated subcutaneous vascular plexus on the distal side of the dentate line, blood flow fatigue, thrombosis or tissue hyperplasia, according to the pathological characteristics of the tissue, external hemorrhoids can be divided into four categories: connective tissue, thrombotic, varicose veins and inflammatory external hemorrhoids; mixed hemorrhoids are internal hemorrhoids and the corresponding The mixed hemorrhoids are the fusion of internal hemorrhoids and the corresponding external hemorrhoid vascular plexus. The 6 characteristics of hemorrhoid symptoms 1, blood in the stool: the main symptom of internal hemorrhoids in the early stage, such as jet bleeding, spot bleeding, blood on hand paper, etc. The blood is bright red, external hemorrhoids will not cause bleeding. 2, cramping pain: can be the main symptom of painful external hemorrhoids, internal hemorrhoids are not painful when there is no inflammation, cramping pain often occurs when internal hemorrhoids are infected, embedded and strangulated necrosis, which also often leads to severe cramping pain. 3.Prolapse: The main symptom of middle and late stage internal hemorrhoids, the main reason is that the nodules of internal hemorrhoids increase in size, so that the mucosa and submucosa are separated from the anal layer, and when defecating, the nodules of internal hemorrhoids can descend below the dentate line and become free from the anal canal. 4, moisture: late internal hemorrhoids repeatedly prolapse, can also cause anal dilatation muscle relaxation and increased secretions, resulting in anal edge often moist and unclean, itching and eczema, in serious cases can also cause friction pain and itching pain. 5, internal hemorrhoid bleeding can also cause anemia, dizziness, tiredness, poor energy, loss of appetite, dry stools and other common symptoms of anemia. 6, constipation, anal itching, swelling discomfort and a large amount of secretions, such cases are typical symptoms of hemorrhoids and need to be addressed in a timely manner. Treatment principles: Asymptomatic hemorrhoids do not require treatment. The aim of treatment is to eliminate and reduce the symptoms of hemorrhoids. Relief of the symptoms of hemorrhoids is more significant than changing the size of the hemorrhoid and should be considered a criterion for the effectiveness of treatment. The doctor should use reasonable non-surgical or surgical treatment depending on the patient’s condition, his experience and medical conditions. Surgery for hemorrhoids is divided into the following categories. 1, hemorrhoidectomy: in principle, the nucleus of the hemorrhoid is completely or partially removed, commonly used surgical methods: (1) external peel and tie trauma open (Milligan -Morgan) surgery; (2) trauma semi-open (Parks) surgery; (3) trauma closed (Ferguson) surgery; (4) external peel and tie plus sclerotherapy injection; (5) circumferential hemorrhoidectomy, including semi (5) Circumferential hemorrhoidectomy, including semi-closed circumferential hemorrhoidectomy (Toupet procedure), closed circumferential hemorrhoidectomy (Whitehead procedure), but has been largely abandoned clinically because of the many complications. The procedure should pay attention to the reasonable preservation of skin bridges, mucosal bridges and the number of sites can shorten the healing time of the wound 2, mucosal circumferential stapling for prolapsed hemorrhoid (procedure for prolapsed hemorrhoid, PPH): using an anastomosis through the anus circumferential excision of part of the rectal mucosa and submucosal tissue. It is suitable for internal hemorrhoids of grade III and IV with circumferential prolapse and grade II internal hemorrhoids with recurrent bleeding. Postoperative care should be taken to prevent and control complications such as bleeding, swelling, anal stenosis and infection. 3.Multispectral guided hemorrhoid artery ligation: The artery above the hemorrhoid is detected 2~3 cm above the dentate line with a multispectral probe and directly ligated to block the blood supply of the hemorrhoid for the purpose of relieving symptoms. It is suitable for internal hemorrhoids of degree II to IV. 4.Sclerotherapy Submucosal sclerotherapy is an effective treatment for internal hemorrhoids, mainly for internal hemorrhoids of degree I and II, with significant recent results. Complications include local pain, burning sensation in the anus, tissue necrosis and ulceration or anal stenosis, hemorrhoid thrombosis, submucosal abscess and hard nodes. External hemorrhoids and hemorrhoids during pregnancy should be prohibited. 5.Glue ring ligation therapy: It is suitable for internal hemorrhoids of all degrees and mixed hemorrhoids, especially for internal hemorrhoids of degree II and III with bleeding and/or prolapse. Complications include rectal discomfort and swelling, pain, slippage of the collar, delayed bleeding, anal skin edema, thrombosed external hemorrhoids, ulcer formation, pelvic infection, etc. The ligation site is in the dentate line area. There are many surgical options for hemorrhoids, but the national population is late to the clinic, the hemorrhoids are large, and most have complications, so external peeling and internal ligation + sclerotherapy injection of mixed hemorrhoids is the procedure of choice at each hospital.