Allergic diseases are one of the most common human epidemics in the 21st century. Not only are allergic diseases very common, but the medical community is paying more and more attention to them. How much do you know about common allergic diseases? When allergies occur, how should you respond and seek medical attention?
1.Hay fever: the most representative allergic disease.
Hay fever is the most representative allergic disease, also known as seasonal allergic rhinitis, is a disease caused by atopic patients sensitized by pollen allergens. The main manifestations are cicatricial inflammation of the respiratory tract and the eyes, for example: cicatricial inflammation of the respiratory tract includes nasal itching, sneezing, nasal congestion and large amounts of clear watery nasal discharge, and in severe cases, day-long runny nose and even coughing and shortness of breath; while cicatricial symptoms of the eyes are tearing, eye itching and eyelid tingling.
Occasionally, it also causes skin or other organ lesions. Hay fever is distinctly seasonal and geographic, and mold, dust mites, or food contact can also cause the same symptoms, only less seasonally.
The ideal prevention method for this disease is to avoid exposure to pollen during the pollen dispersal season, and there are two phases of treatment, namely, treatment during the flare-up phase and treatment during the remission phase. During the attack period, antihistamines, decongestants and glucocorticoids can be used, while during the remission period, desensitization treatment is mainly carried out.
2, repeated itching bumps, beware of hives.
Urticaria is commonly known as wind rash block, wind bumps, looks like a mosquito bite, is flat, high up the skin bumps. The bumps are clinically referred to as bumps, and they recur, but can subside on their own without leaving any traces. About 15-25% of people have experienced hives in their lifetime.
Urticaria attacks are often accompanied by severe itching of the skin and affect the normal life and work of people. Some patients not only have allergic skin reactions, but also mucous membrane areas, including the respiratory and digestive tracts, may also react, for example, respiratory mucous membrane allergy will have chest tightness, shortness of breath, etc.; while the digestive tract mucous membrane with allergic reactions can be accompanied by nausea, abdominal pain and other symptoms. Treatment should be based on antihistamine and symptomatic treatment, but first of all, we should strive to remove the cause of the disease.
3, spring and autumn children allergies, mostly papular urticaria.
Papular urticaria is common in spring and autumn, mostly related to insect bites, such as fleas, mites, mosquitoes, etc.. Insect bites inject saliva into the skin, causing the disease to develop in individuals who are allergic to these substances.
This allergic disease occurs most often in children and usually presents as scattered, red, soy-sized, puffy papules that itch spontaneously. The best sites of occurrence are the lower extremities and to a lesser extent the trunk. This is a delayed allergic reaction, sensitization takes about 10 days, then the bite will prompt the rash, but repeated bites can produce desensitization. In the prevention and treatment, attention should be paid to avoid mosquito bites and other drugs to antihistamines, external use of furnace glycol lotion and corticosteroid ointment.
4, after suffering from eczema, do not use water too hot.
Eczema is an inflammatory skin reaction, regardless of gender and age, clinical performance includes itching, erythema, flaking and clusters of papules. Patients often have allergies and a family history of allergic diseases.
The acute phase is characterized by a local inflammatory skin reaction with a pronounced tendency to exude, while the chronic phase is characterized by local infiltration, nodularity, desquamation and hypertrophy, and the subacute phase is somewhere in between. Eczema patients should pay attention to avoid all kinds of suspected causative factors, during the onset of the disease should avoid the use of spicy food and alcohol, avoid excessive washing and scalding.
5, allergy history with intense itching, be alert to atopic dermatitis.
If you have a history of asthma, allergic rhinitis, urticaria, etc., and there is recurrent severe itching of the skin, then beware of atopic dermatitis. This is a chronic inflammatory skin disease related to genetic allergic qualities, often manifesting as intense itching, a special type of eczema dermatitis, but also a chronic recurrent skin disease, usually starting in early infancy, childhood or adolescence.
In the course of treatment, parents should pay attention to the discovery of environmental factors that may aggravate the condition, such as scratching, irritating food, etc., and try to avoid; appropriate to reduce the number of bathing machine using soap to avoid excessive removal of sebaceous film, while topical moisturizers can be used.
Allergic rhinitis antihistamine therapy treatment.
Allergic rhinitis is an allergic disease with nasal mucosal lesions, which occurs in the nasal mucosa after the inhalation of external allergens allergic inflammation. The typical manifestations of allergic rhinitis are nasal itching, followed by continuous sneezing, a large amount of clear watery nasal discharge, nasal congestion of different degrees, and even loss of sense of smell in some patients. The first treatment is to avoid allergens, followed by antihistamine therapy or glucocorticoid therapy.
Don’t stop taking your own medication if you have asthma.
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. Unlike inflammation that is commonly referred to as having bacterial and viral infections, it is a non-specific allergic inflammatory disease. A typical bronchial asthma attack is preceded by aura symptoms, such as sneezing, runny nose, coughing and chest tightness, which can lead to breathing difficulties due to increased bronchial obstruction if left untreated.
Asthma is a chronic disease and is divided into remission and acute exacerbation periods. Patients in remission are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, but they should also undergo standardized treatment under the guidance of a doctor and should not stop, reduce or change their medication according to their own judgment. Patients in acute exacerbation period will have obvious symptoms or worsen symptoms rapidly within a short period of time, and serious cases can be life-threatening and should be treated promptly in hospital.
Allergies occur and should be seen in the allergic reaction department.
For these seven common allergic diseases, patients usually need to go to the hospital for consultation and treatment, especially when there is asthma, shock and other severe reactions to the hospital in a timely manner. Nowadays, many hospitals have specialized allergic reaction departments, such as the allergic reaction specialist of Chongqing Third People’s Hospital, specializing in the treatment of allergic diseases, so that patients with allergic diseases can receive more professional consultation and treatment.
For common allergies, we can adhere to the principles of “avoidance, avoidance, investigation and treatment”: “avoidance” means trying to avoid contact with all suspected or known allergens; “avoidance” means avoiding the use of all suspected or known allergic substances; “avoidance” means avoiding the use of all suspected or known allergic substances; “avoidance” means avoiding the use of all suspected or known allergic substances. Avoidance” is to avoid contact with all suspected or known allergens; “contraindication” is to avoid using all suspected or known allergic substances; “investigation” is to find out unknown allergens; “treatment” is antihistamine treatment and desensitization treatment. With perseverance, patients with common allergies can gradually get better or be cured.
Allergen testing, medical history is important.
There are many hospitals that conduct allergen testing programs, but when testing, medical history should be given importance. When the patient visits the doctor, try to give clues to the doctor, just like screening suspects, recalling the symptoms, duration, seasonality, occasion, weather, if it is related to food, to say how long after eating the attack, whether exercise, etc. On this basis, laboratory tests can be performed, and if necessary, detailed records of the factors causing the allergy can be made.
In addition, allergen testing should be screened first, such as inhalation group allergens or food allergens, etc., to see the results and then detailed investigation. Allergen testing also has different classifications, such as dust mite group, tree pollen, weed pollen, pasture pollen, etc. Tell your doctor more about your medical history, you can take a lot less detours, and never cast a big net like testing.