In clinical practice, acute mastitis is not self-healing. Therefore, once a patient has developed acute mastitis, aggressive anti-infective treatment is recommended, and during anti-infective treatment, care must be taken to empty the breast milk daily. In general, if the patient is in the early stages of acute mastitis, the use of antibacterial drugs can have a very good clinical effect. Since, the common main causative agent of acute mastitis is Staphylococcus aureus, treatment with penicillin injections can be tried directly without waiting for the results of bacterial cultures. It is important to note that if the patient is allergic to penicillin, then erythromycin may be used as an option. If the patient’s condition does not improve significantly after treatment, then an ultrasound should be performed to clarify the formation of a breast abscess. In general, if the condition of acute mastitis develops into an acute breast abscess, the abscess must be punctured and drained or treated surgically, with abscess incision and drainage, bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing of the pus to guide further treatment, unobstructed drainage and intensive anti-infective treatment so that the patient can heal successfully.