Osteomyelitis is a common clinical disease, an inflammatory process caused by microbial infection with destruction of bone tissue, which can be limited to a single type of bone tissue or can affect the bone marrow, bone, periosteum and surrounding soft tissues at the same time. Although the overall incidence of osteomyelitis is not high, it is a difficult disease in the field of orthopedics, with a long course, difficult to treat, and prone to recurrence after cure, and is known as the “undead cancer” of orthopedics. The long course of the disease and the recurrence of the disease often make patients lose confidence in treatment, resulting in a lifetime of suffering from the disease. Many orthopedic surgeons are also reluctant to admit patients with osteomyelitis due to poor treatment results.
I. Characteristics of osteomyelitis
The disease can be divided into acute osteomyelitis and chronic osteomyelitis according to its course. Before the 1980s, chronic osteomyelitis was mainly caused by untreated or improperly treated acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, while after the 1980s, chronic osteomyelitis mainly originated from traumatic and spreading osteomyelitis, and the incidence gradually increased. With the development of the economy and the improvement of living standards, environmental health and nutrition have been greatly improved, and hematogenous osteomyelitis is becoming less and less common. However, due to the increase in mechanical equipment and motor vehicles, osteomyelitis due to trauma or surgery is becoming more and more common. According to recent Ministry of Health survey data, the incidence of osteomyelitis due to trauma is as high as 5-23%, topping the list of osteomyelitis, of which 80% of patients cannot be cured at once, 40% of patients have deformed bone defects, 20% of patients have ankylosis, 5% of patients have to undergo amputation, of which patients with a disease duration of more than 10 years are prone to skin cancer. In some cases, when osteomyelitis first occurs, the infection is only a little localized, but due to improper treatment, it develops into severe osteomyelitis in just a few days or weeks, leaving serious physical disability or even a direct threat to life. At present, osteomyelitis is still an incurable disease that threatens people’s health in China.
Second, the medication of osteomyelitis
Since osteomyelitis is caused by microbial infections, the first medication is a bactericidal drug. The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a few of the most popular and most popular products. In the whole process of treatment of osteomyelitis, it is necessary to repeatedly carry out culture identification and drug sensitivity tests on secretions or tissue specimens at multiple sites, because the spectrum of pathogenic microorganisms and drug resistance may change as the treatment continues and the condition changes.
Since most of the osteomyelitis has sinus tracts or trauma, longer time is needed for disinfection of the trauma or sinus tracts, and there are more drugs in this area, and all of them are less sure of their effects. Most hospitals use hydrogen peroxide, Neosporin solution or iodophor for cleaning or rinsing, and even some small hospitals or Chinese hospitals also prepare some secret herbal solutions to soak or rinse the wound, which also has some effect, but these drugs take a long time to deal with the wound, and the wound is prone to relapse after healing.
Three, the surgery of osteomyelitis
The most critical step in the treatment of osteomyelitis is surgery, and surgical intervention is also one of the most effective means by which osteomyelitis can potentially be completely controlled. On the basis of medical anti-infection and nutrition, surgical lesion removal, removal of dead bone, bone stabilization, control of cavity, improvement of blood flow, and coverage of trauma are the principles of osteomyelitis surgery. However, based on these principles, each surgeon’s surgical approach and operation varies widely.
The first and most important step in the surgical treatment of osteomyelitis is lesion debridement, which directly determines the success or failure of osteomyelitis treatment and the chances of recurrence. The process of focal debridement removes dead bone and infected tissue, and greatly reduces the number of infected microorganisms. This comprehensive technology ensures complete focal clearance, removal of dead bone and all tissues involved in the infection, leaving no dead space; at the same time, radiofrequency and irrigation can effectively reduce the number of infected microorganisms, ensuring that osteomyelitis can be cured as soon as possible and is less likely to recur after cure. We have successfully cured hundreds of patients with osteomyelitis by using this technology and combining it with our familiar microsurgical myocutaneous flap technology. Some of these patients have relapsed after the initial cure, and some have been rejected by many large hospitals, with a success rate of 98% and a relapse rate of less than 2% in 3-5 years.
Four, osteomyelitis patients eat something
Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone and surrounding soft tissues caused by microorganisms, and there is often a continuous outflow of secretions, causing a large loss of nutrition in patients, who are in poor health and have reduced immunity, and microbial infections are more likely to spread, leading to a vicious cycle of further aggravation of the infection. Therefore, the treatment of osteomyelitis deals with antibacterial drugs to control the infection and surgery to control the lesion, and must promote the patient’s nutrition, improve the patient’s immunity, give blood and rehydration when necessary, and encourage a high-protein, high-energy diet.
1, chronic osteomyelitis due to long-term illness gastrointestinal absorption capacity is relatively poor, it is recommended that patients more light soft food, can eat more fruits and vegetables, eat food containing high protein, such as fresh soy milk, peanut milk, milk and other cited, some of the outside also need to supplement a calcium, in the diet can eat a moderate amount of bone broth, such as pig spine, ribs are rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium and other human bone required Important ingredients, moderate consumption is necessary for the recovery of damaged bones.
The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a few of these.
The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a few of the most popular and popular items.
4, during the disease strong tea, coffee is very good not to drink, will affect the rest, osteomyelitis lesion clearance needs a lot of fresh granulation tissue filling, so adequate rest is essential.
5, the rest of the fruit food can be eaten, including protein high-energy food can eat more to promote the healing of osteomyelitis has some help.
Five, the impact of psychological support on the healing of osteomyelitis
The chronic osteomyelitis generally has a long duration and is difficult to heal, with repeated local acute attacks and ulcers and pus, one or several sinus tracts or scarring, and even pathological fractures, causing endless pain to patients and their families.
Patients with different sites, degrees, ages, mentality, such as the patient’s age, long and heavy course of the disease, there are occurring in the limbs, the most afraid of the long treatment will not be cured children eventually amputation and disability, but also afraid of more drugs will damage the function of important organs, affecting their lives. The above-mentioned patients have clear clinical diagnosis, repeated hospitalization and the basic treatment mode of the hospital, they have many questions, heavy psychological burden, and because of the long-term chronic consumption of general nutrition, most of the patients already have varying degrees of dysfunction of the affected parts, and even disability. The repeated surgeries have changed the local anatomical relationship and destroyed the bone and soft tissues, and the repair ability is poor, the patient’s confidence in medical treatment is low, the torture of pain, economic pressure, the patient’s spirit is on the verge of collapse, paranoia, anorexia, poor appetite, and even refusal to eat, so that the systemic immune function continues to decline, and children and the elderly have many comorbidities and complications, and the symptoms are heavy and fluctuating, while the middle-aged and young people are more tolerant of the disease. Young and middle-aged people are tolerant of the disease and do not cooperate well with the medical staff.
In addition to medical personnel, patients themselves should build confidence and determination to overcome the disease, quit bad habits, change bad habits, strengthen their own nutrition and physical exercise, and improve their ability to fight the disease. Family members are also crucial in the whole process of treating patients with osteomyelitis, as they will inevitably have a lot of bad feelings when accompanying patients for a long time. In order for the patient to eventually recover, the family must firmly support the patient psychologically, encourage the patient, and be a strong support for the patient to overcome osteomyelitis. Do not be pessimistic and disappointed in front of the patient, complaining about God. The family should actively cooperate with the hospital treatment, whether in the hospital or at home to give the patient enough care and concern, so that they feel valued, feel that the family did not give up on him, osteomyelitis family in addition to actively cooperate with the hospital treatment, care is also vital. Both from life and psychological aspects should be given more care and attention. As much as possible, they should treat the patient gently, modestly, warmly and kindly, never in the spirit of face, impatience, drop and hit things, discriminate and tease the patient, not to mention scolding the patient. At this time, the strength of the family is important to encourage and guide the patient to build confidence in treatment as well as self-confidence, so that the patient can recover as soon as possible and move on to a new job, study and life.