Smoker’s disease is a rare disease mostly found in Japan, Korea and other East Asian regions. It refers to the presence of an abnormal network of blood vessels at the base of the brain in patients, and is named smoker’s disease because the image presented after imaging resembles smoke. Patients with smog disease have a variety of presentations, including cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, cognitive dysfunction, headache, epilepsy, and memory loss. With the advancement of imaging technology, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and whole brain angiography (DSA) have become widely available, and the medical community has become more aware of smog, the clinical detection rate of smog has increased significantly, and the number of diagnosed smog patients is still increasing every year. Children are mainly affected by cerebral ischemia, while adults can present with cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral ischemia. Some hospitals are now classifying the treatment of smog as a surgical field and performing surgical reconstruction of the blood vessels. The surgical procedures include direct bypass, patching, and combined vascular bypass. The purpose of several procedures is to reduce the degree of ischemic injury, improve cerebral blood flow, reduce the risk of cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage, and improve the patient’s quality of life and long-term prognosis. However, according to the feedback of postoperative results, the first two procedures still have some shortcomings for the treatment of smog. Combined vascular bypass is a combination procedure that is more effective in treating smog. Combined vascular bypass surgery is a combination of direct bypass and patching in the same surgery. While direct bypass rapidly improves the blood supply to the brain, multi-factor patching is applied to the brain surface to further expand the scope of blood supply improvement and achieve a more ideal treatment effect. Many patients may be more concerned about how much to reimburse for smog surgery. This is a question that requires reimbursement at the appropriate rate according to the health insurance policy of the hospital where the patient is insured.