Refractive error is the most common disease in pediatric ophthalmology. Children with refractive error often show symptoms such as low vision, tilted head and tilted eyes watching TV, skewed eye position and photophobia, etc. Refractive error affects visual function and amblyopia in serious cases, so early detection and prevention are especially important. For young children, the first step is to dilate the pupil, after which the refractive power of the eye can be accurately detected, the development of visual function can be understood, and the next treatment plan can be developed. The most common methods of pupil dilatation are atropine (slow pupil dilatation) and tropicamide (fast pupil dilatation). The goal of pupil dilatation is to paralyze the ciliary muscle in the eye to remove the factors that interfere with the child’s refraction, so that the pupil can reflect the child’s exact refractive error. 1. Atropine pupil dilatation Use 1% atropine sulfate ophthalmic gel drops in both eyes, one drop at a time, twice a day for 3 days, and on the fourth day have a medical optometry examination, and the doctor will determine the prescription, or treatment, and review time according to the optometry, and develop a treatment plan. 2.Compound tropicamide dilates the pupil Compound tropicamide drops double 5 times in a row, 40 minutes after the medical optometry, optometry results after the doctor’s diagnosis to determine the prescription or treatment plan. Some children have allergic reactions to atropine, such as increased redness and heartbeat, dry mouth, etc., and need to stop the medication for observation. It is worth noting that atropine is absorbed through the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, so you need to press the inner corner of the eye with both hands for more than 5 minutes immediately after the eye drops to prevent the medication from flowing into the nasal cavity, which may lead to It is normal for some children to be afraid of light and to see blurred near places during this period, which usually affects children’s reading and writing for about two weeks. Through the above 3 points, you can determine whether the child is receiving a scientific process of optometry.