The development of the human eye includes two aspects, one is the development of the refractive system and the other is the development of the visual function. If there are some abnormal factors in the process of development, it can cause the developmental disorders of the human eye and produce some eye diseases, which can seriously damage the vision and even lead to blindness. The development of the eye can cause a number of eye diseases that can seriously damage vision and even lead to blindness. 1, the development of the refractive system of the eye: the refractive system of the human eye includes the length of the eye axis, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, crystal thickness and refractive index of the refractive media, as a person is born, the eye axis is relatively short, the corneal curvature is relatively high, so a person is born, our eye is a farsighted state, while the refractive system of the human eye since birth needs to undergo a growth process, both from the farsighted eye to the ortho-optic eye The final result depends on the coordination and balance between the corneal curvature and the eye axis, both of which are coordinated to become ortho-optic, while dysphotopia becomes hyperopic and hyperopia becomes myopic. 2.Visual function development: From birth to about six years old, human vision develops from photopic to more than 1.0. However, the development of vision requires normal visual stimulation, that is, external objects must be clearly imaged on the retina after passing through the refractive system of the eye. If, during the development of vision, there are conditions that affect the clear imaging of the retina, such as: strabismus, refractive error, refractive aberration, congenital cataract and congenital ptosis, etc., external objects cannot be clearly imaged on the retina, then the development of vision is affected and vision does not reach normal, and what we call amblyopia is formed. 3, the development of the refractive system and visual function of the eye: the development of the refractive system and visual function of the eye needs a normal development process, if abnormal factors in this process can cause the development of the human eye disorders, resulting in some eye diseases, serious damage to vision, and even lead to blindness, so we must carry out children’s eye health examination from childhood, in order to timely detection of abnormalities, timely elimination of abnormal factors, to ensure the healthy development of children’s eyes. To ensure the healthy development of children’s eyes 4, children need to undergo a comprehensive eye examination from an early age and establish an eye health file, which includes: visual acuity, refractive system structure, fundus, eye position, extraocular muscle function, corneal curvature, eye axis length, etc. 5. Through the establishment of children’s eye health records, early childhood eye diseases, such as congenital cataract, congenital glaucoma, strabismus amblyopia, can be detected so that early diagnosis and early treatment can be made to save children’s vision; at the same time, children’s refractive conditions can be monitored in order to prevent the occurrence of myopia and control the development of myopia.