Gastritis is an inflammatory lesion caused by the action of one or several harmful factors on the gastric mucosa. In our country, the exact incidence of gastritis in the pediatric population is unclear; according to most reports, gastritis is a common disease of the pediatric digestive system and is the most common cause of abdominal pain in children, especially recurrent epigastric pain. In terms of broad classification, gastritis is divided into three basic types: acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, and specific types of gastritis. According to the pathological changes, gastritis is often divided into superficial and atrophic in China. Most of the pediatric patients have chronic gastritis with superficial inflammation and few have acute gastritis as well as atrophic gastric mucosal lesions. The etiology of chronic gastritis is not completely clear and is caused by a variety of factors related to: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, prolonged lesions after acute gastritis, bile reflux, rough food and overheated, cold and acidic irritating food, long-term application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, persistent mental stress, excessive stress, a variety of chronic diseases such as chronic nephritis, severe diabetes, etc.