Tuberculous pericarditis prevention: 1, control the source of infection to reduce the chance of transmission of tuberculosis smear-positive patients is the main source of pediatric tuberculosis, early detection and reasonable treatment of smear-positive tuberculosis patients, is the fundamental measures to prevent pediatric tuberculosis. For infants and young children with active TB, their family members should undergo detailed examination (chest X-ray, PPD, etc.). Regular medical checkups should be given to the staff of elementary school and child-care institutions, so that sources of infection can be found and isolated in time, which can effectively reduce the chances of pediatric tuberculosis infection. 2.Popularize BCG vaccination Practice has proved that BCG vaccination is an effective measure to prevent pediatric tuberculosis. BCG vaccine for the French physician Calmette and Guerin invented in 1921, it is also known as B, C, G, China’s provisions in the neonatal period inoculation of BCG vaccine, according to the provisions of the BCG vaccine inoculation in the left upper arm upper deltoid muscle, intradermal injection, the dosage of 0, 05mg / times. The scratch method is now rarely used. The Ministry of Health notified the cancellation of the BCG revaccination program for 7 and 12 year olds in 1997. However, revaccination can still be given to children of that age with negative conjugate test if necessary. In neonatal period, BCG vaccine can be injected on the same day with hepatitis B vaccine in separate arms. Contraindications to BCG vaccination: positive conjugate reaction; patients with eczema or skin diseases; recovery from acute infectious diseases (1 month); patients with congenital thymic hypoplasia or severe combined immunodeficiency diseases. 3. Prophylactic chemotherapy is mainly used for the following subjects: (1) Infants and children under 3 years of age who have not been vaccinated with BCG and have a positive conjugate test. (2) Close contacts with open tuberculosis patients (mostly family members). (3) Those who have recently changed from a negative to a positive conjugate test. (4) Those who have a strong positive test for nodulin. (5) Children with a positive conjugate test who need to use adrenocorticotropic hormone or other immunosuppressive drugs for a longer period of time. Chemoprophylaxis is mainly isoniazid, with a dose of 10mg/(kg?d) and a course of treatment of 6 to 9 months. Children under 6 years of age whose parents are newly infected with tuberculosis and newborns born to mothers with tuberculosis should be treated with isoniazid at the same dosage, regardless of the results of the tuberculin test. Isoniazid should be continued until 9 months after 3 months of treatment if the conjugate test is positive, or discontinued if the conjugate test is negative (<5 mm). HIV-positive children with a history of TB exposure should receive isoniazid for 12 months regardless of the results of the conjugate test. For children with isoniazid-resistant strains of TB, chemotherapy should be changed to rifampicin, 15 mg/(kg?d), for 6 to 9 months; for isoniazid-resistant and rifampicin-resistant strains, pyrazinamide plus ofloxacin for 6 to 9 months or pyrazinamide plus ethambutol for 6 to 9 months is recommended. Prognosis: The prognosis is better for exudative pericarditis, especially if diagnosed and treated early. Constrictive pericarditis has a poorer prognosis. Prompt surgical treatment can improve the prognosis and many patients can be cured. If the operation is too late, the heart muscle is prone to serious damage, and the result is poor. Precautions for tuberculous pericarditis: Tuberculosis smear-positive patients are the main infectious source of pediatric tuberculosis, early detection and reasonable treatment of smear-positive tuberculosis patients are the fundamental measures to prevent pediatric tuberculosis. BCG vaccination is an effective measure to prevent pediatric tuberculosis.