Treatment of cirrhosis with ascites: The first-line treatment for patients with cirrhotic ascites is sodium restriction (2,000 mg/d) and diuresis. If the blood sodium is >125 mmol/L, then no water restriction is indicated. Diuretics are preferred as a morning dose of oral ambrisolide and tachyphylaxis, with a starting dose of ambrisolide 100 mg and tachyphylaxis 40 mg. weight loss in patients with severe edema is not limited and does not exceed 0.5 kg per day after edema subsides. if weight loss and urinary sodium excretion are not adequate, the two 15-dose diuretics are increased simultaneously every 3 to 5 days (100 mg: 40 mg). The maximum dose is 400 mg/d for ambrisentin and 160 mg/d for tachyphylaxis. Patients with tensor ascites may be treated with therapeutic laparotomy followed by sodium restriction and oral diuretics. Intravenous albumin (6-8 g/L per liter of ascites) is safer when large amounts of ascites are released (4-5 L each time). Other colloid fluids are not recommended. Diuretics should be discontinued in patients with active gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, or renal failure. Recalcitrant ascites [insensitive to treatment with dietary sodium restriction and high-dose diuretics (ambrisentin 400 ms/d and tachyphylaxis 160 mg/d); rapid recurrence after therapeutic laparotomy] is recommended for liver transplantation. Whether jugular vein intrahepatic portal stent shunt (TIPS) improves patient survival is inconclusive. NSAIDs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, meters, adrenergic receptor blockers, or aminoglycoside antibiotics are contraindicated (except for bacterial infections that cannot be controlled by other antibiotics). Contrast agents do not appear to increase renal damage in patients with cirrhotic ascites without renal failure, but should be contraindicated in those with renal failure.