Myopia has become an increasingly widespread medical and social problem in China, from the relevant departments of the state down to every family is worried about it. 2007 May 7 the CPC Central Committee and State Council issued the document “the CPC Central Committee and State Council on strengthening youth sports to enhance the physical fitness of young people’s opinions” proposed that through about five years, so that China’s youth generally meet the basic requirements of national physical health, endurance, strength, speed and other physical fitness significantly improved, malnutrition, obesity and the incidence of myopia significantly reduced.
On June 9, 2008, the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Education, Sports and Arts [2008] No. 5 document “National Trial Basic Standards for Physical Education and Health Conditions in Schools” was introduced to make specific provisions for physical education and health conditions in primary and secondary schools, with specific requirements for students’ desks and chairs, classroom lighting, school health rooms, school nurses, body checks, etc. On August 12, 2008, the Ministry of Education’s Education Supervision [2008] No. 3 document Primary and Secondary School Sports Work Supervision and Evaluation Index System (for Trial Implementation)”, according to which the rate of students’ poor eyesight and the rate of monitoring students’ eyesight condition will be included in the primary and secondary school sports work supervision and evaluation index system.
On September 4, 2008, the Ministry of Education issued the document Education, Sports and Arts [2008] No. 7, “Myopia Prevention and Control Work Program for Primary and Secondary School Students,” which proposed a specific national work program for the prevention and control of myopia among primary and secondary school students. August 2008 Minister of Education Zhou Ji: National School Health Work Teleconference said that to ensure that young people generally meet national physical health standards, the first priority is to improve the level of student nutrition. The second is to protect eyesight and prevent myopia.
Every year, there are many parents with their children to optometry and glasses, and we hear the most voices is “doctor my child this year myopia rose so fast, how to do ah!” So, where I heard that there is a treatment of myopia drugs to buy in droves, where there is a treatment of myopia instruments to purchase at great expense, but often spend a lot of money, the child’s lenses are wearing thicker and thicker, some people ask how myopia can not be cured now that medicine is so advanced, in the end there is no way to treat myopia.
To answer this question we must first understand what is myopia, what are its causes and specific performance? Nearsightedness is a condition in which parallel light rays enter the eye without being adjusted, and then, after refraction, are imaged in front of the retina. The main causes of myopia are genetic and environmental factors. It is recognized that myopia has a certain genetic predisposition, especially for high myopia.
Environmental factors are mainly divided into
1. Formal deprivation myopia: reading and writing under strong and low light, reading in a carriage, long stay sea or inverted eyelashes, uncontrolled Internet watching TV, playing the piano;
2.Optical out-of-focus myopia: poor reading and writing posture, poor optometry;
3, adjustment dysfunction: adjustment delay and inflexibility. In addition, abnormal diet is also a cause of myopia.
Patients with myopia will experience
1. Decreased distance vision and normal near vision;
2. Visual fatigue;
3, eye position is prone to exotropia or exotropia, mostly on the side with high myopia; 4, eye changes are mainly manifested in leopard-like fundus changes, optic papillary arcuate spots, macular atrophy spots and macular hemorrhage, posterior scleral chylomicron, peripheral retinal degeneration, and vitreous clouding. These changes are closely related to the degree of myopia, and patients with high myopia have a significantly higher chance of developing serious complications such as retinal detachment, concurrent cataracts and glaucoma.
Myopia in adolescents is a developmental condition, and if not treated properly myopia usually progresses by 60 to 100 degrees per year. From the above, we know that the causes of myopia are complex, and in the absence of effective genetic engineering, myopia is mainly prevented by improving the visual environment. Once pseudomyopia is ruled out, there is no way to cure myopia if the eye has undergone organic changes, and myopia can only be corrected through surgery and glasses, but the organic damage to the eye itself still exists.
Nowadays, the prevalence of myopia among young people in China has reached 80%, making it the second most myopic country after Japan, and hundreds of thousands of young people are affected by vision problems every year, such as going to school, joining the army and getting a job. In our clinical work, we have also found many patients with high myopia leading to retinal detachment, concurrent cataract and glaucoma, and the age of patients is significantly younger. Therefore, we urgently need a method to control the deepening of myopia in young people.
Keratoplasty is the most effective way to control myopia in young people. What is keratoplasty? It is a method that allows myopic patients to wear a special gas permeable rigid contact lens – keratoplasty – that temporarily changes the geometry of the cornea to reduce or even eliminate myopia. The main effect is to wear the lens for 8-10 hours a day, while the rest of the time the vision of the naked eye is clear; at the same time, it effectively slows down myopia deepening and reduces the incidence of high myopia.
What is the difference between keratomileusis and other glasses and why can they control myopia? Corneal shaping lens adopts large diameter, multi-arc segment, based on the tear layer distribution design, good positioning on the cornea, a single piece can reduce myopia 600 degrees, after wearing corneal shaping lens, the corneal pupil area tends to spherical, parallel light imaging not only in the center, but also in the mid-periphery closer to the retina, thus slowing down the growth of the eye axis.
A number of independent studies at home and abroad have shown that the growth of the eye axis is slowed by more than 50% on average and the growth of the prescription by more than 60% on average with long-term keratoplasty, and studies in Hong Kong/Korea/China have confirmed that the average annual growth is <0.25D and only 8D for patients with low myopia. It is necessary to undergo a rigorous eye examination and standardized medical optometry to make a correct judgment.
As a newer medical technology, it has certain requirements for the equipment and personnel of the medical institutions that carry out this technology, and there are strict rules for the fitting process, so the fitting of this new type of keratoplasty must be carried out in a professional ophthalmology institution to achieve the best corrective effect and reduce complications.
In conclusion, keratoplasty is currently the best method to control myopia in adolescents at home and abroad. Tens of thousands of adolescent patients have worn these new keratoplasty lenses in China, and 90% of them have achieved satisfactory results, which is a good tool to control the progression of myopia in adolescents.