The causes of colorectal cancer are complex, but the development of colorectal cancer is also closely related to lifestyle, such as high protein, high fat and low fiber diet, as well as obesity and lack of physical exercise can increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer. With the development of economy, people’s life style and diet structure change, the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing. China has entered the ranks of regions with high incidence of colorectal cancer, and this disease is increasingly threatening people’s physical and mental health. Westernized diet and colorectal cancer Epidemiological surveys show that colorectal cancer is characterized by the development of “rich and poor”, and those who consume more saturated fat, total fat, total protein, cholesterol and oleic acid have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer, among which those who consume more saturated fatty acids have the greatest risk. In just the past few years, Chinese dietary habits have undergone a rapid transformation, with the China Health and Nutrition Survey completed between 1989 and 1993 showing that the proportion of adults consuming high-fat diets has increased from 22.8% to 66.6%, and that Chinese dietary habits are rapidly shifting to the typical dietary patterns of Western industrialized countries. American fast food like McDonald’s is everywhere, and high-fat, high-sugar and high-energy foods are quietly becoming popular in terms of dietary preferences. The Role of Public Education In contrast to China’s gradually westernized diet and the rising incidence of colorectal cancer, the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer in the United States have been declining year by year. The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that the percentage of people aged 50-75 years who were screened for colon cancer was 52.3% in 2002 and increased to 65.4% in 2010. 35 states had significant decreases in incidence and 49 states had significant decreases in mortality. From 2003-2007, there were 66,000 fewer new cases of colon cancer and 32,000 fewer deaths from colon cancer. Among the reasons for the reduction in mortality: 1. increased screening rates: contributed about 50 percentage points. 2. 2.Reduction of risk factors: such as smoking and obesity contributed 35 percentage points. 3. improved treatment methods: contributed 12 percentage points. The decrease in incidence and mortality is largely attributed to proper screening and publicity education, which also validates the saying that the best surgical skills are no match for the early detection of tumors, and the best early diagnosis techniques are no match for scientific health awareness. Fortunately, colorectal cancer can be effectively prevented through reasonable measures. What we need to do is to change our high-fat, high-protein, low-fiber diet, as well as exercise and weight control. In terms of health awareness, we can learn more about related knowledge, detect pre-cancerous lesions such as colorectal adenomas through active physical examination and endoscopy, and interrupt the cancer process through intervention (endoscopic removal). There is no absolutely perfect screening program that can guarantee early detection for everyone, but overall it is possible to increase the percentage of early detection by a large margin. The best surgical skills are no match for the early detection of tumors, and the best early diagnosis techniques are no match for scientific health awareness.