I. What are the early symptoms of colorectal cancer? How to detect colorectal cancer in early stage? A: Colorectal cancer grows slowly, and the clinical symptoms indicate that the tumor has been growing for a long time. Possible symptoms of colorectal cancer include blood in stool, change in bowel habit, incomplete bowel movement, alternating diarrhea and constipation, abdominal lumps or pain and discomfort, unexplained anemia, weakness, emaciation or fever, etc. In order to detect colorectal cancer at an early stage, it is necessary to pay attention to alerting suspicious symptoms, especially patients with blood in stool should not think that they have hemorrhoids and delay the diagnosis. We should follow up closely with high-risk groups such as family history, and perform rectal examination or full colonoscopy for diagnosis of suspicious cases. What are the treatment methods of colorectal cancer? What is the efficacy? A: There is no effective drug to prevent the occurrence of colorectal cancer. Once colorectal cancer is diagnosed, radical surgery is the most effective method. Removal of colorectal polyps can effectively prevent the occurrence of colorectal cancer. Colorectal polyps can generally be removed endoscopically, but for huge polyps and polyps with wide base, sometimes surgical removal is required. The effect of surgical treatment of colorectal cancer is closely related to the early and late detection of the cancer. The five-year survival rate of localized colorectal cancer can be over 90% after radical surgery. There are two types of surgical treatment methods for colorectal cancer: traditional open surgery and minimally invasive surgery, the former of which has long incision, large trauma and slow recovery. Minimally invasive surgery takes advantage of laparoscopic surgery to carry out laparoscopic radical colorectal surgery, and the development of laparoscopic surgery gives patients another treatment option and brings gospel to patients. III. What is laparoscopic colorectal surgery? Is there any difference between this surgery and conventional open surgery in terms of efficacy? Laparoscopic colorectal surgery is performed under a TV monitor with instruments to separate the intestinal canal, clear the lymph and remove the tumor. The operating field is enlarged and clear, lymphatic clearance is more thorough, there is less interference with the abdominal cavity, and there is no need to touch and squeeze the tumor during the operation. The application of ultrasonic knife makes the trauma rarely bleed. The follow-up of large number of foreign cases shows that laparoscopy and traditional surgery are reported to be better than traditional surgery in terms of tumor recurrence, distant metastasis and five-year survival rate. What are the advantages of laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery? Less trauma, smaller incision, aesthetic appearance, less postoperative pain, less emergency reaction to surgery, often no or less painkiller application, faster recovery, early feeding, general exhaustion and removal of gastric tube on the first day after surgery, low incidence of postoperative complications. V. Do all rectal cancer patients need to undergo colostomy (artificial anus) for surgical treatment? What is the impact of artificial anus on patients’ future life? If the cancer occurs very close to the anus or the anal canal, a colostomy is necessary. Sometimes, even if the intestine can be connected after surgical resection of low rectal tumors, a prophylactic temporary stoma is needed in the proximal colon to prevent anastomotic leakage after surgery. In general, colostomy is not required for colon cancer and high rectal cancer. The early post-stoma period will bring heavy physical and psychological burdens to patients. First of all, it is necessary to treat the psychological impact of stoma correctly and face the reality bravely. As long as patients with stoma are under the guidance of professional physicians and through careful stoma care, it will not cause great impact on their future daily life and they can go to work and social activities normally. Sixth, what should be noted in the care of patients with artificial anus? Pay attention to personal hygiene, avoid diarrhea caused by unclean food and drink, conduct bowel training, and have regular bowel movements every day to achieve the purpose of bowel control. Learn how to use the anal pouch and care for the local skin around the artificial anus. If you find any narrowing of the artificial anus and difficulty in defecation, you should seek medical consultation in time.