Trauma resulting in interphalangeal joint deficits and dysfunction is relatively common. Whether it is adhesion, scar contracture, hyperplasia after tendon tissue injury, or hyperplastic degeneration or osseous fusion caused by articular cartilage destruction, all of them can lead to interphalangeal joint mobility disorders, pain, deformity, or even stiffness and loss of function. Clinical passive and active functional exercise, tendon scar release surgery, supplemented by physical rehabilitation, but the effect is minimal, and traumatic arthritis occurs, patients feel unbearable pain, affecting daily work and life. Joint fusion and arthroplasty are performed at the cost of loss of joint function. Domestic microsurgery workers on how to improve the function of the affected hand has carried out a lot of research, the use of toe proximal joint toe joint transplantation to repair finger joint defects, can be a surgical completion of the bone, joints, tendons, skin and other composite tissues of the defect repair, maximum recovery of the injured finger joint function, but the surgical operation requirements are high. In addition, the donor area has to sacrifice the second toe, which is traumatic and not easy for patients to accept. Artificial joint replacement is a better treatment for patients with hand interphalangeal joint injury. Its surgical operation is simpler, and the improvement of joint movement is more obvious than other methods, which plays a greater role in relieving hand joint pain, correcting deformity, and improving hand function, and can avoid the shortcomings of the above methods. Theoretically, joint replacement is feasible for all causes of hand joint stiffness. The principles that should always be followed in small joint replacement are: restoration of motor function, adequate stability. Ease of handling, mechanical properties of the prosthesis close to those required for normal joint motion, appropriate size, and firm fixation. In addition, the biocompatibility of the prosthetic material, wear and tension resistance properties, and reliable soft tissue reconstruction should be included. The repair of traumatic interphalangeal joint defect deformities places high demands on the soft tissues of the fingers, and tendon and soft tissue reconstruction are very important. Several cases of hand artificial joint replacement have been performed with satisfactory results and good finger function on follow-up. Hip and knee artificial joints have been carried out for a long time, and in their early stages, they are not accepted by patients. However, because of the good therapeutic effect of artificial joint replacement, it has gradually gained popularity, and its application has been deeply rooted in people’s hearts for a long time. Finger artificial joints have been used for a shorter period of time, and complications such as loosening of the prosthesis, fracture, resorption of the bone end, and aging of the material have not yet been seen, and there are still many unknown aspects that need to be further observed and researched. However, it is certain that its complications are far less serious than those of hip and knee artificial joints, and the majority of patients can rest assured that the surgery.