The correct name for dark circles is “melanosis around the eyes”, but there is still a lack of medical understanding of the causes of dark circles and no effective treatment. Currently, it is believed that staying up late and fatigue are aggravating factors. Medically, dark circles are classified into pigmented, vascular and crepey types. Pigmented type This refers to melanin deposition in the skin. For maintenance, whitening products such as vitamin A, C, z-acid, fruit acid, A-acid and andrographin can be used, but because the skin of the eyes is thin, it is easy to sting when applied, so all kinds of whitening products must be reduced in concentration, which also leads to ineffective results. For treatment, there are fruit acid peels and lasers, but they are not often used because they are very painful. Vascular type The vascular type is due to poor blood circulation and blood accumulation in the eyes, so you can massage more to promote blood flow. Crepe type Crepe type is due to the natural dullness in the skin crease, so use moisturizing products for maintenance. If you stayed up late last night or did not get enough sleep, dermatologists suggest using alternating hot and cold compresses to stimulate blood circulation to subside dark circles.