The voice is a unique quality that we are born with. We say it is unique because each person’s voice is unique. Scientists have tested and found that the vocal pattern extracted from the voice, similar to fingerprints, is unique for each person, thus developing a vocal pattern recognition system that can be used in criminal investigation, cryptography, etc. Because of this, the voice is called the second face of a person, and the science of studying the normal formation mechanism and abnormal pathogenesis of the voice is called voice medicine. So, how is the voice formed? Like all human activities, vocalization is first controlled by the brain, and the nervous system releases information and governs all organs involved in vocalization, including the lungs, the vocal cords, the throat, the mouth, the lips, the tongue and the teeth, etc. Among them, the vocal cords are the most important for voice formation. The vocal folds are located in the laryngeal cavity, one on each side, like two thin, smooth, thin bands. When breathing, both sides of the vocal folds separate, and when vocalizing, both sides of the vocal folds come together to produce a beautiful and beautiful voice. When even minor lesions occur in the vocal folds, speech fatigue, hoarseness and, in severe cases, breathing difficulties can occur. These lesions include the most common and preventable inflammatory diseases, both acute and chronic, atopic and non-atopic, as well as the most dangerous and most important neoplastic diseases that should be taken seriously. The so-called acute inflammation refers to the inflammation that occurs in a short period of time, mostly in the state of cold, exertion, excessive smoking and alcohol, etc. In addition, excessive use of voice in a short period of time is also a cause. The treatment of acute inflammation includes vocal abstinence and medication. If necessary, 3 – 5 days of oral antibiotics such as amoxicillin or cephalosporin, dexamethasone and other drugs nebulized inhalation are more conducive to healing. The treatment of chronic laryngitis can be relatively long-lasting, mainly related to its causes, one of which is the lesions of the organs surrounding the vocal cords, such as chronic rhinitis, chronic pharyngitis, acid reflux, etc. Therefore, while treating chronic laryngitis, it is also necessary to deal with the lesions of these surrounding organs. Another cause of chronic laryngitis is related to vocalization, i.e. using the voice too much, using the voice improperly, especially in cases of fatigue, upper sensation, etc. It is not easy to use the voice excessively, otherwise it will easily cause chronic inflammation of the vocal cords. Long-term repeated chronic inflammation, if you do not pay attention to the vocal method, it is easy to lead to vocal fold nodules or vocal fold polyps and other lesions. Some people such as teachers, actors, businessmen, etc., vocal cord nodules and vocal cord polyps can be said to be an occupational disease, which is also a side of the cause of vocal cord nodules and polyps, for the abuse and misuse of the voice. Most vocal fold nodules can disappear after a period of voice rest, vocal training and proper medication. If they do not disappear in the long term, or if vocal fold polyps form, surgery should be considered. In addition, vocal cord leukoplakia is in a special position among chronic inflammatory diseases, it can be considered both a serious chronic proliferative inflammatory disease and a precancerous lesion, about 10 – 15% of vocal cord leukoplakia will be transformed into cancer, which requires vigilance. The above belongs to the category of non-specific inflammatory diseases, and there is another category of specific inflammatory diseases, typically laryngeal nodules. These patients can be combined with tuberculosis or occur alone, and their incidence has increased in recent years, requiring regular anti-tuberculosis medication. In addition to inflammation, another major cause is neoplastic disease. The incidence of laryngeal tumors has been on the rise in recent years and is becoming younger in age. Tumors include benign and malignant, with a very clear relationship between laryngeal malignancies and smoking. Studies have shown that the incidence of laryngeal cancer among smokers is 8 to 10 times higher than that of non-smokers. Therefore, from the perspective of laryngeal cancer, quitting smoking is a very important preventive measure. In addition, other causes of voice abnormalities include foreign bodies in children, neurological diseases, and developmental disorders, to name a few. It is important to mention that in the field of voice medicine, in addition to medication and surgery, voice health care and voice training have received more and more attention in recent years. Voice health care can help prevent voice diseases, including changing bad voice habits, such as shouting, screaming, intermittent throat clearing, prolonged whispering, speaking during sports, controlling coffee and alcohol consumption, not eating two hours before bedtime, not singing or exercising two hours after meals, etc. Voice training is beneficial to the recovery of voice diseases, mainly under the guidance of professionals to develop correct and reasonable voice habits, including the coordination of breathing, vocalization, resonance and other behaviors against inappropriate pitch, loudness and sound quality. In conclusion, as a tool of human communication, voice is not only a part of the image project, but also a signal of the presence of physical illnesses and diseases.