AIDS, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome), is an infection by the retrovirus of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV for short), which gradually becomes the target of many opportunistic diseases due to the destruction of the immune system, contributing to a variety of clinical symptoms, collectively referred to as the syndrome, rather than just one disease. So how should we properly prevent HIV?
First, we should face the reality and not avoid it AIDS is no longer an unfamiliar term. However, in the minds of most people, it is still a distant disease that has nothing to do with them. People are ashamed to talk about AIDS, and more people know nothing about it and have an “avoidance” mentality. In fact, AIDS threatens every person and every family, and it is the responsibility of the whole society to prevent it. We can no longer avoid it, otherwise it will be too late to regret.
The full medical name of AIDS is “Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome”, which is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus. AIDS was first discovered and confirmed in the United States in 1981, and the first AIDS case was reported in China in 1985. Now, an average of 6,000 people worldwide are infected with AIDS every day. In recent years, the number of HIV infections and incidences in China has been growing faster. According to the data released by the United Nations agency in China, there are currently about 840,000 people infected with HIV in China, plus 240,000 who have already died of the disease, the total number should be around 1 million. The number of infected people is the second highest in Asia and the 14th in the world. Therefore, AIDS is not far from us, and the world has not yet invented a cure for the disease, prevention is the only feasible method.
AIDS is mainly transmitted through sexual contact, blood and mother-to-child transmission. At present, China’s HIV infection rate reaches 6 per 1,000. 94.3% of new patients in 2015 were infected through sexually transmitted routes, of which about 24% were caused by same-sex transmission, and the infection ratio of male and female students was 9:1 in 2014 and 11:1 in 2015. Fourth, to cherish life, do not try to take drugs Intravenous drug use is the main way of HIV transmission in China. And the speed of transmission is fast, Fan Kitchen is expanding, intravenous drug users Shen average HIV detection rate of 20%, the highest 78.5%. It has become the main channel of HIV transmission to the general population.
The blood transmission is the shortest incubation period, the fastest onset and the most deadly of the several transmission methods, including: the input of HIV-contaminated injection equipment or surgical instruments directly contaminating the skin and mucosal wounds; intravenous drug dependents sharing needles, syringes and related instruments; transplantation of infected persons with HIV. The blood can be transmitted through direct contamination of skin and mucosal wounds with HIV-contaminated injection equipment or surgical instruments; sharing of needles, syringes and related instruments among people with intravenous drug dependency; transplantation of HIV-infected tissues and organs or semen (artificial insemination). If the blood donor is infected with HIV and is in the window period when the blood is supplied, HIV antibodies cannot be detected, in view of this, blood transfusion and blood product transfusion must be cautious.
Sixth, the correct use of condoms, do not hang a leak The correct use of condoms not only can contraception, but also can reduce the risk of HIV infection, STDs. Condoms are the easiest and most economical primary weapon to prevent AIDS. Condoms can prevent HIV by separating semen and vaginal secretions and preventing the contact of bodily fluids between men and women during sexual intercourse. However, in reality, there are cases of HIV infection due to accidental extramarital sex without condom or poor quality of condom or improper use causing rupture or slipping.
7. Go to regular clinics (hospitals) and do not get involved in underground clinics. Going to irregular hospitals and clinics for surgery, infusion, check-ups, tooth extraction (fillings, scaling), acupuncture, etc. all carry the risk of HIV infection. One study found that under general hospital conditions, the probability of contracting HIV from a simple one-time prick into the skin using HIV-contaminated needles and tips is 0.3 percent. By the same token, if HIV-contaminated syringes, which are not thoroughly disinfected, are then given to healthy people, the residual blood will enter the body and cause infection. Therefore, be sure to go to a regular hospital for infusion or preventive injection for children, and take the initiative to request “one person, one needle, one tube”.
Eight, to one person, do not share razors, toothbrushes and other items beauty, tattoos, pedicures with non-sterile public utensils and other acts are very easy to cause skin damage, the risk of infection and great. We have to use every day shaver, razor, toothbrush and other personal hygiene appliances, must ensure that the individual dedicated, not shared or borrowed. Because we brush teeth or shave face, but also very easy to cause skin damage, these injuries may be mildly unnoticeable, but once the borrower is HIV carriers, it is possible to cause infection.
If you suspect that you are infected with HIV, be sure to go to a medical and health institution approved by the health authorities with HIV antibody testing conditions for examination. Major hospitals, health prevention stations and STD control institutions are all approved testing institutions. Do not seek treatment from a “doctor on the prowl”. If the test proves to be positive, you are an HIV-infected person, but not yet an AIDS patient. The incubation period of the disease is very long, usually 5-8 years, and in some cases more than 10 years. Tell your doctor if you have any symptoms, if you are having sex with more than one person, if you are having vaginal, anal or oral sex, if you are injecting drugs, or if you think you are pregnant. Do not refuse to tell the truth because of embarrassment. Self-medication may delay treatment and may aggravate symptoms.
Ten, to care for patients, do not discriminate Caring for, helping and not discriminating against AIDS patients and HIV-infected people is an important aspect of AIDS prevention and control. People with AIDS and people living with HIV are victims of the disease and deserve humanitarian sympathy and help. Families and society should create a friendly, understanding and healthy living and working environment for them, encourage them to adopt a positive attitude towards life, change their risky behavior and cooperate with treatment, which is conducive to improving their quality of life and prolonging their lives, as well as to the prevention of AIDS and maintaining social stability. Daily life and work contact (such as shaking hands, hugging, eating together, sharing tools, office utensils, etc.) with AIDS patients and HIV-infected people will not infect AIDS. AIDS will not be transmitted through public facilities such as toilet rings, telephone sets, dining utensils, sleeping utensils, swimming pools or public bathrooms, nor will it be transmitted through coughing and sneezing, mosquito bites, etc.