I. What are the basic conditions for excimer laser surgery?
1.Age is generally above 18 years old.
2.The degree is relatively stable in the last two years, and the change is not more than 50 degrees.
3, no serious systemic diseases, such as diabetes, immune diseases, etc.
4, Women during pregnancy and breastfeeding are generally not recommended for surgery or preoperative examination.
5.Eyes with recent active inflammation, including keratitis, iridocyclitis, etc., are generally not recommended for surgery.
6, Excimer laser surgery correction range is generally within 1200 degrees of myopia, 600 degrees of astigmatism and 1000 degrees of hyperopia. If the degree of myopia is too high, intraocular lens implantation can be considered.
7. Corneal thickness must be at least 450 microns before corneal surgery can be done.
II. Precautions before surgery
1. Be sure to go to the hospital for a comprehensive examination before surgery. The comprehensive examination includes corneal topography, corneal thickness measurement, optometry, intraocular pressure and other examinations.
2. The preoperative examination takes about 1.5 to 2 hours, so allow enough time.
3.The fundus examination and optometry require dilated pupils, so you must not drive or ride a bike when you go to the hospital for examination.
4, corneal topography and corneal thickness tests need to exclude the influence of contact lenses, so you must remove your contact lenses before the examination. It is best to remove the lenses 1 week after the hospital check, but if time is too late, at least the day of the check can not wear contact lenses.
5, before the surgery generally need to apply antibiotic eye drops for 1 to 3 days to prevent infection. And before surgery to do fixation training and good personal hygiene, need to arrange a good time.
Third, how to do well with the surgery
1. The surgery is not long, about ten minutes. During the operation, you need to relax, don’t be nervous, and listen to the doctor’s arrangement. Keep your eyes open throughout the surgery and do not turn your eyes casually.
2, when doing the corneal flap, there is something pressed on top of the eye, there will be a little uncomfortable, and can not see anything; but the time is very fast, a few seconds can be, as long as relaxed spirit, it is easy to cooperate.
3, when laser treatment, you need to look at the flashing red light in front of you, do not move. Sometimes you can’t see the flashing red light, but you can also look in that direction.
Fourth, the normal reaction of the eyes at the early stage after excimer surgery
After excimer surgery, the hospital will provide patients with a transparent eye shield for protection. It is best to go home for a short period of time in the company of friends or family members to avoid wind and sun exposure, but never drive away on your own. Tinted goggles or sunglasses with UV protection should be worn after surgery. For a few hours after surgery, symptoms such as tearing, photophobia, and foreign body sensation in the eye may occur. At this time, you should wait for the tears to flow out and wipe them on your face, and never use tissues or towels to directly touch your eyeballs or eyelids. At the same time, you should try to rest with your eyes closed, do not turn your eyeballs and do not rub your eyes. Most people’s eye discomfort can be relieved within one day. Very few people may feel mild eye pain or subconjunctival hemorrhage (bleeding in the white eyeball) after surgery, which is a normal phenomenon after surgery, and its severity and duration vary from person to person.
V. Routine medication after excimer laser surgery
Generally, several types of eye drops should be applied, and the specific types and times of medication should be chosen according to the doctor’s prescription, which generally include the following.
1, Telbivitol (or Tobias) point both eyes, 4 times a day, and stop using it for about 10 days or as prescribed by the doctor.
2.Fluoromethol: post-operative application of Flomethol usually takes 4 weeks: 4 times a day in the first week, 3 times a day in the second week, 2 times a day in the third week, and 1 time a day in the fourth week, and then stop or as prescribed by the doctor.
3.Artificial tears: apply about 4 times a day for 1 to 6 months depending on the symptoms of dry eyes.
4.Post-operative medication will be different. Generally, in the first few days after surgery, you need to apply antibiotic drops and growth factor drops and D&B eye drops, etc. After the corneal epithelium heals and the contact lens is removed, you can start to apply Flomiton and Ally. It usually takes 3 months to apply Flomethol after surgery: start with 6 times a day, reduce every 2 weeks, then stop the medication or follow the doctor’s prescription. If the surgery is done for farsightedness, the medication is different from myopia, according to the doctor’s requirements.
Sixth, the attention of post-excision review.
1.Post-operative review should be insisted on regularly, so that the doctor can observe the effect of surgery, summarize the experience and give timely guidance on eye medication and care.
2. Review time: The first day, the seventh day and the end of the first month after surgery must be reviewed, or you can agree with the hospital on the review time according to the specific situation. If you have eye pain or other abnormalities, you can go to the hospital for outpatient examination at any time. Please do not be negligent, so as not to delay the correct diagnosis and treatment and affect the effect of surgery.
VII. Post-operative care and eye care for excimer
The surgery does not restrict strenuous exercise, but please pay attention to the following matters.
1.Please wear wind-blocking glasses or sunglasses after surgery.
2. Do not enter nightclubs and dance halls for 1 week after surgery, and do not eat irritating food (to avoid aggravating eye discomfort).
3.Do not splash water into the eyes when washing your hair and face within 2 weeks after surgery, and do not rub your eyes.
4. Do not swim within 1 month after surgery, do not use cosmetics on the eyes and avoid foreign objects entering the eyes. It is best to wear an eye shield when sleeping. In order to reduce eye discomfort, you can wear wind-blocking glasses or sunglasses when going out for one month after surgery. It is strictly forbidden to rub the eyes with hands, flush the eyes with water, wash the face or get sewage into the eyes for one to two weeks after surgery. Reduce eye use and watch less TV. Avoid strenuous physical activities and sports, and prevent eye trauma; pay attention to personal hygiene to avoid infection.
5.No diving for 6 months after surgery, and please avoid external force to collide with the operated eye.
6.In the early postoperative period, some friends may have some difficulties in seeing far and near, and may have symptoms such as uneven vision in both eyes or double vision or foggy vision, and may even need to wear low-degree lenses to help seeing near in order to prevent fatigue. These are normal conditions that may occur during the recovery process, and the symptoms vary from person to person, as well as the early and late appearance and duration of the symptoms, so please do not worry about them.
7, after surgery, please pay attention to eye hygiene, avoid prolonged close use of the eyes, avoid prolonged reading, watching TV, etc., so as not to cause vision fatigue, affecting the effect of surgery.
8, long-term precautions: people with high myopia are a high-risk group for retinal detachment. According to statistics, people who have done laser vision correction do not increase the complications of retinal detachment; however, the following conditions must be immediately returned to the clinic: a large increase in floating black shadows in front of the eyes, dark shadows floating in the visual field, or a sudden decline in vision, sometimes good, sometimes bad, when the visual distortion, that is, the possibility of retinal detachment, must be treated immediately, without delay.