Dermatologists teach you the “three steps” of scientific skin care
It is not uncommon for skin to become sub-healthy or even develop skin diseases due to negligence or improper methods of care. In fact, the correct scientific approach to skin care is not as complicated as you might think.
Step 1: Cleanse
Remove the dust, dirt, bacteria, excess sebum, sweat and keratin on the surface, residual cosmetics
1, skin cleansing four myths
★ Myth 1: The number of times to more
The right solution: generally clean once in the morning and once in the evening, for oily skin can increase a
★Myth two: the deeper the better
The most important thing is that you should not over-clean and pay attention to protect the sebum film.
★Misconception 3: Cold water cleaning is good
The first thing you need to do is to use cold water to cleanse your skin and apply cold water to reduce the evaporation of water.
★Myth 4: You can often use soap to wash your face
The right solution: avoid using alkaline soap, soap washing face, to prevent damage to the skin’s weak acidic environment
2.Cleaning skin care products and usage
Mineral oil-based: makeup remover oil, cleaning cream, mainly used to clean the skin after makeup
Surfactant-based: facial cleanser, mainly used for daily general skin cleansing
3.How to do “deep cleansing”?
Deep cleansing refers to the removal of pimples, corns, flakes and other pore-clogging ingredients from the epidermis, theoretically reaching the openings of the sebaceous glands of the hair follicles.
Methods of deep cleansing: scrub-type cosmetics, microdermabrasion peels, chemical peels
For acne-prone skin and oily skin, appropriate deep cleansing measures can be taken (approximately every two weeks) to maintain normal keratin metabolism and to treat and prevent the onset of disease. For normal skin, deep cleansing should be done less frequently (about once a month). For dry skin, sensitive skin avoid doing deep cleansing.
Step 2: Moisturize
1, moisturizing three elements
I. Hydration A, external hydration: replenish epidermal moisture, method: softening water, toner, essence water, living water, etc. B, internal hydration: replenish dermal moisture, method: drink eight glasses of water daily, about 2000ml.
Ⅱ. Cultured water actively absorbs water from the environment through hygroscopic agents to increase the water content of keratin and replenish the lost water.
Ⅲ. Locking water forms a hydrophobic oil film on the skin surface through encapsulants to lock in skin moisture and reduce water loss.
2. Classification of moisturizing skin care products
●Humectants: glycerin, hyaluronic acid, butylene glycol, sodium lactate, urea, aloe vera, seaweed, plant extracts.
●Sealing agents: vegetable oil, animal oil, petroleum jelly, paraffin.
3.Selection of moisturizing skin care products
◆Moisturizing products that focus on replenishing water include functional water, serum, gel, etc., and those that focus on replenishing lipids include lotions and creams.
◆Functional water and serum are suitable for all types of skin.
Avoid products containing petroleum jelly and oil.
◆Winter, neutral dry and dry skin are suitable to choose water-in-oil creams that contain more oil.
Step 3: Sunscreen
Ultraviolet rays can be divided into three bands according to wavelength: A (320-400nm), B (290-320nm) and C (200-290nm). uva and UVB can penetrate the atmosphere to reach the skin surface.
How to divide sunscreen skin care products?
1.Physical sunscreens
Types: Kaolin, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, talcum powder, etc.
Sun protection mechanism: reflecting and scattering ultraviolet rays, protecting a large range of ultraviolet rays.
Advantages: stable, no photodegradation phenomenon, mild, safe and non-toxic, not absorbed by the skin, not easy to cause allergies.
Disadvantages: difficult to spread evenly, after the use of facial whitening, feel heavy, skin feel poor hand.
2.Chemical sunscreens
Types: p-aminobenzoic acid and its lipids, o-aminobenzoic acid, salicylic acid lipids, cinnamic acid lipids, diphenylketone and its derivatives, methane derivatives, etc.
Sunscreen mechanism: Absorption of UV rays
Pros: It feels fresh, thin, colorless, and contains some ingredients that are waterproof and sweatproof.
Disadvantages: small protection range, requires several combinations of chemical sunscreens with different structures, can be absorbed by the skin, has a certain risk of carcinogenicity, and has a higher chance of irritation.
How to recognize the sun protection index?
① SPF (Sun Protection Factor): mainly for UVB protection, is the ratio of the radiation energy required to produce minimal erythema from UV radiation to the energy required to produce the same degree of erythema on unprotected skin according to 2mg/cm2 of skin coated with sunscreen. In short, it is a multiple of the time that the skin resists UVB.
PA (UVA protection level): An indicator of the degree of protection against UVA. PA+ is effective; PA++ is quite effective; PA+++ is very effective.
How to choose sunscreen products?
①Physical sunscreens are recommended for those who are allergic to chemical sunscreens, those in the acute stage of skin disease, those in a hypersensitive state, and children’s skin.
② Chemical sunscreens or physical-chemical sunscreens have a light texture and can be used by adults who do not have a sensitive reaction to chemical sunscreens.
③Sun protection index requirements.
General type of skin [SPF8～12, PA++];
Light sensitive people [SPF12～20, PA+++];
Commuters [SPF<15, PA++];
Outdoor swimming【SPF30+,PA+++】;
Fair-skinned [SPF30+,PA+++];
Those with dark skin [SPF15, PA++].
How to use sunscreen skin care products?
①Use sufficient amount: at least 2mg/cm2;
②Apply sunscreen 15-30 minutes in advance before going out;
③Use sunscreen no matter what the weather is;
④Apply once every 2 to 4 hours when staying outdoors for a long time;
Cooperate with the use of physical sun protection: sun hat, UV protection umbrella.