In recent times, the conjoined baby girl, chest long-legged baby boy, stomach bulging with large balls of hairy news constantly see Chu in newspapers, television and the network and other media, people are surprised at the same time, can not help but have such questions: why now congenital malformations are more and more it? In fact, the causes of congenital malformations are no more than two types: genetic factors and environmental factors. The former is due to genes and chromosomes and other genetic material abnormalities can lead to congenital malformations. The improvement of people’s living standards and cultural quality, inbred marriage is obviously reduced, coupled with the popularity of premarital examination, so that genetic factors lead to fewer and fewer deformities, while the adverse effects of environmental factors are increasingly prominent, mainly in the following four areas: First of all, environmental pollution. Automobile exhaust, industrial sewage, home decoration materials contain a large number of lead, chlorine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon organic substances and other teratogenic pollutants. Among them, lead is closely related to fetal microcephaly, organochlorine can cause congenital encephalopathy, phenol, gasoline, etc. are harmful to female reproductive function and can cause teratology. At the same time, noise, X-rays, emblem waves and computers, TV and other household appliances have a certain relationship with congenital malformations. The electric blankets that we often use in winter will produce strong electromagnetic fields when they are energized, which can affect the normal division of the fetus and cause malformations. In addition, frequent exposure to pesticides can cause damage to pregnant women and fetuses in many ways. The second is smoking, alcohol and other bad habits. The nicotine, carbon monoxide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tobacco are the most harmful to the fetus during pregnancy. Pregnant women smoking or passive smoking can cause damage to DNA, the genetic material of human germ cells, and embryonic development is affected and teratogenic or lethal mutations occur. Alcohol can also cause a variety of malformations and induce fetal alcoholism syndrome. A correlation between alcohol and cleft palate has been reported. The third is substance abuse. Drugs with teratogenic risk or potential teratogenic effects include: sulfonamides have teratogenic or embryonic killing effects on the fetus; those who have been exposed to estrogen in early pregnancy have a rise in heart birth defects; large amounts of sedative-hypnotic drugs such as cenobarbital and valium can lead to skeletal, cardiac, neurological and genitourinary defects and heart-foot malformations; vitamin A overdose can cause fetal skeletal malformations, brain malformations or congenital cataracts; vitamin B6 Long-term high doses can cause fetal short limb malformation and sensory peripheral neuropathy. Therefore, pregnant women must be cautious in taking drugs. The fourth is pathogenic infections in pregnancy. Studies now show that cytomegalovirus infection can cause microcephaly and some other birth defects; herpes simplex virus can cause microcephaly, chorioretinitis and other congenital malformations, and Mycoplasma solium infection can cause spontaneous abortions, stillbirths and an increased rate of birth defects. Infection with Toxoplasma gondii in early pregnancy can result in miscarriage, stillbirth, and a variety of birth defects such as anencephaly, microcephaly, microphthalmia, congenital dementia, and congenital deafness. Cats are the main carriers of Toxoplasma gondii, so it is best for pregnant women to avoid contact with pets such as dogs and cats. How can I determine if I am carrying a healthy little baby? Due to the increasing sophistication of amniotic fluid genetic diagnosis and ultrasound imaging technology, pregnant women with congenital malformations have the option to terminate their pregnancy in a timely manner, thus avoiding a heavy psychological and financial burden on their families and society. Therefore, routine prenatal checkups are crucial. If a child with congenital malformation has been delivered, parents do not have to worry too much. The modern pediatric surgery technology, especially the minimally invasive surgery technology, is quite advanced. The Department of Pediatric Surgery of Wuhan Union Medical College Hospital has been the first to successfully perform a number of extremely difficult cases of separation of children with congenital malformations in China, which has generated great repercussions at home and abroad. Hundreds of children suffering from congenital megacolon, congenital anus and other serious congenital malformations have been treated with minimally invasive lumpectomy and obtained very satisfactory results. This technology has the advantages of short operation and anesthesia time, less intraoperative bleeding, less surgical damage, fast postoperative recovery and inconspicuous postoperative surgical scars, etc. It has achieved very satisfactory results and is welcomed by parents of children. It is believed that in the near future, with the continuous research on the causes of congenital malformations and the further improvement of pediatric surgical techniques, congenital malformations will be less and less, and the treatment results will be more satisfactory, and there will not be so much news there, yo.