When people hear the name “smog”, most of them will associate it with smoking or haze, but not with cerebrovascular disease. The first reason is that the disease is rare, the second is a misunderstanding of the name, and the third is a misunderstanding of the disease due to a lack of knowledge about it. Smoke disease is a relatively rare cerebrovascular disease, if left to develop, it may lead to cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage, and patients should be treated as soon as it is detected and clearly diagnosed, so how can smoke disease be investigated? Because the public is not well aware of smog, and even many doctors know little about it, many clinical symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, aphasia, numbness of one limb, inactivity and coma are easily misdiagnosed as hypertension, stroke and other diseases. If a patient cannot be diagnosed with any disease at the local hospital, he or she must go to a regular hospital early for examination and clarification of the cause. Neuroimaging is the main basis for the diagnosis of smog, and the use of brain magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is an important basis for confirming the diagnosis of the disease. MRA, as a new vascular imaging technique, can better reflect the site and extent of intracranial vascular lesions, and has the potential to become an important and commonly used technical method in pediatric cerebrovascular disease because of its noninvasive, rapid, contrast-free, and easily repeatable features. By either MRA or DSA, the disease can show stenosis or occlusion at the end of the siphon of the internal carotid artery and the proximal anterior or middle cerebral arteries. Once diagnosed, patients should take treatment measures as soon as possible. Currently, Jin Yongjian’s team at the Department of Neurosurgery for Cerebrovascular Diseases of Beijing Aviation General Hospital carries out “combined vascular bypass surgery” to treat smog. The two procedures are done in the same operation, which not only shortens the operation time, but also improves the operation efficiency, making the combined vascular bypass surgery an effective treatment for smog disease.