When people hear the term “smog”, the first thing that comes to mind is haze or smoking-related diseases, but in fact, smog is a rare cerebrovascular disease. When people learn about smog, they always ask the question, is smog the same as brain infarction? Smoke disease and brain infarction are two different diseases and there are some differences between them. Cerebral infarction is a localized ischemia of brain tissue caused by various reasons, resulting in ischemic and hypoxic necrosis of brain tissue, which is divided into the main types of cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism and lacunar cerebral infarction according to the different pathogenesis. Smoke disease, on the other hand, is a cerebrovascular disease characterized by chronic progressive stenosis or occlusion of the terminal internal carotid arteries and the beginning segments of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries bilaterally, and secondary to a distinctive (i.e., smoke-like) abnormal vascular network at the base of the skull. Of course, the two diseases are not independent; smog also often causes cerebral infarction, which is also a common complication of smog. At present, after years of clinical research, the medical profession has improved the two existing surgical methods (direct bypass and brief bypass), and the current clinical feedback is that combined vascular bypass is the most effective, i.e., direct bypass + indirect bypass two procedures are done on the same surgery. While direct bypass can rapidly improve the local blood supply to the brain in a short period of time (usually the effect can be seen on the same day), multi-factor patching is used to induce the formation of neovascularization in a larger area, which can improve the blood supply to the brain in a larger area, and better improve the symptoms of brain ischemia for patients to recover their health.