Wound infection after middle ear cholesteatoma surgery may be caused by recurrence of cholesteatoma, fungal and bacterial infections, etc. Wound cleaning and dressing change, excision and other treatments should be performed. Middle ear cholesteatoma is a kind of non-genuine tumor, which is mainly treated by surgery. If the cholesteatoma is not removed cleanly during surgery, it can lead to recurrence and postoperative wound infection, which should be cleaned again with cholesteatoma, pus, etc., and anti-infective drugs, such as ceftriaxone, benzathine, streptomycin, moxifloxacin, etc., and the bacterial culture of pus for drug sensitivity test to select sensitive antibiotics if necessary. Bathing, swimming, poor wound healing, etc. can also cause fungal or bacterial infection of the wound, which should be cleaned, changed regularly, and keep the ear open. Wound infection after middle ear cholesteatoma surgery is recommended to consult the hospital and follow the doctor’s instructions for medication, dressing change and treatment.