1.”C”-shaped deviation: The nasal septum is convex to one side, often limited to the cartilage part, or the cartilage and the septal plate can be deviated to one side at the same time. 2.”S”-shaped deviation: The septum median plate is deviated to one side, while the septal cartilage is deviated to the opposite side.
3.Crest: A long bulge on the nasal septum, which travels from anterior to posterior. It is mostly located on the upper edge of the maxillary nasal crest or plow bone. Some crestal prominences are caused by overlapping cartilage dislocation.
4.Sphenoid process (talar process): It is a limited sharp protrusion, often located at the junction of septal cartilage and bone.