HPV infection, especially high-risk types such as HPV 16 and 18, is the main cause of cervical cancer in humans. However, not all HPV infections develop into cervical cancer or high-grade cervical precancerous lesions; HPV infection is short-lived and can be cleared by the body naturally within 8-10 months, and only a few persistent infections develop into cervical cancer. If the virus is persistently infected, i.e. the re-test has been positive for two years and still does not turn negative after that, then screening for cervical cancer needs to be more intensive than normal. If you are infected with HPV, you can review cervical brushings (TCT) + HPV every six months and perform colposcopy + cervical biopsy + send for pathological examination if necessary. Currently, there is no specific antiviral drug to fight the virus in the medical community. For people who have not been infected with the virus, some countries such as Europe and the United States can effectively protect against HPV type 16 and 18 infections through preventive vaccination. In China, therapeutic vaccines are still in the laboratory stage, and the long-term effects, safety, and duration of immunity of the vaccine need time to be evaluated.