The vagina is an internal female reproductive organ, an organ of sexual intercourse and a channel for the discharge of menstrual blood and the delivery of the fetus. The vagina is located in the center of the lower part of the true pelvis and is a wide upper and narrow lower canal. The anterior wall is adjacent to the bladder and urethra, and the posterior wall is close to the rectum. The upper end wraps around the vaginal part of the cervix and the lower end opens into the posterior part of the vestibule. The circumferential crypt between the cervix and vagina is called the vaginal vault, with the posterior vault being the deepest and closely adjacent to the lowest rectal uterine sink in the pelvis, through which it can be clinically punctured or drained. The physiological functions of the vagina are: a channel for transporting menstrual blood from the uterus to the outside of the body; an important place for women to have sex; a channel for the delivery of the fetus from the mother under normal conditions; and a window for examining the female internal genitalia. Therefore, if there is an infection in the vagina, it can affect the cervix and uterus within it. Therefore, women should pay attention to the hygiene of the vulva during menstruation, change their underwear regularly, wash them with boiling water, expose them to the sun, and forbid to take a bath during menstruation. Avoid unclean sex and keep the vaginal area clean and hygienic. In case of vaginal inflammation, abnormal leucorrhea or vulvar itching, prompt symptomatic treatment should be given. Therefore, the vagina is a barrier to the female genitalia and only by avoiding vaginal infections will it not cause cervicitis or pelvic inflammatory disease.