Before performing an artificial joint replacement, the surgeon first determines whether the patient has indications for an artificial joint replacement and chooses a suitable artificial joint after eliminating various contraindications to surgery. During the surgery, special surgical positioning instruments are used to help the surgeon accurately remove the diseased part of the joint to be replaced. In total hip replacement, the acetabular cartilage is removed, the acetabular fossa is enlarged, the head and neck of the femur are removed, and the medullary cavity of the upper end of the femoral stem is enlarged; in total knee surface replacement, the lower end of the femur and the upper end of the tibia are removed from the articular surface. Then the individual prostheses of the artificial joint are placed in the prepared parts with special mounting instruments. Fixation of the artificial joint with bone, in total knee joint surface replacement, cemented fixation is generally required, while in total hip joint replacement, there are two kinds of cemented fixation or cementless fixation depending on the prosthesis, respectively.