Urinary tract infection, referred to as urinary tract infection, is an inflammatory injury caused by direct bacterial invasion of the mucosa or tissues of the urinary tract. Urinary tract infection is a common disease in children, and its incidence is close to one tenth of pediatric urological diseases according to relevant surveys. It can occur at all ages, and is especially prevalent in infants and children under 2 years of age. The incidence is higher in girls than in boys. The main reason why babies are prone to “urinary sensation” is due to their physiological anatomy and environmental factors. As small babies often use diapers or wear crotch pants, the urethra is easily contaminated by feces and other unclean materials, E. coli, E. deformans and Staphylococcus aureus and other germs accumulate around the urethra, looking for opportunities to take advantage of; infants, especially girls with short urethra, bacteria are easy to travel up the urethra to the bladder, resulting in bladder infection or renal pelvis infection; in addition, infants and young children’s own immune function is not sound, poor defense capabilities, not only easy to The baby’s own immune function is incomplete and the defense ability is poor, so it is not only easy to cause upstream infections, but also bloodstream infections due to upper respiratory tract infections, pneumonia, bacteremia, etc. If the baby has a combined urinary tract deformity, it is more likely to have recurrent episodes, resulting in chronic urinary tract infections. How to judge? 1, baby urinary sensation is rarely confined to a certain part of the urinary tract, sometimes it is difficult to distinguish, so it is often collectively referred to as urinary tract infection. 2, children with acute urinary tract infection is common, its performance is not like adult urinary tract infection has the typical urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urinary pain, its symptoms are varied, different ages have different performance: (1) newborn babies with the disease, the severity varies, the light can be asymptomatic, only in the urine culture of bacterial growth; heavy fever or temperature does not rise, pale, easily irritable or drowsy, some can also be manifested as jaundice, convulsions or digestive tract symptoms. (2) In young children, systemic symptoms are obvious, such as fever, pallor, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and neurological symptoms such as irritability, drowsiness, convulsions, and coma. When the urinary tract symptoms are mild, they only show crying during urination. (3) When older children have pyelonephritis, they have fever, chills, and percussion pain on both sides of the kidney (lumbar region); when they have cystitis, they have frequent, painful urination and hematuria; when they have urethritis, they have a burning sensation and redness of the urethral opening. (4) Chronic urinary tract infection has a duration of more than 6 months, with multiple recurrences, significant renal parenchymal damage, and persistent non-recovery of renal function and becomes chronic. Most of them are due to acute urinary sensation that does not heal, and can also be caused by urinary tract malformation. The baby will show depression, weakness, wasting, growth retardation, progressive anemia, etc.