With the improvement of early neonatal screening and diagnostic techniques, more and more hospitals are offering universal neonatal eye screening and screening for congenital eye diseases, and many congenital eye diseases that were not detected until school age can be detected and diagnosed early in life, or even immediately after birth. Early diagnosis and treatment have led to a better prognosis, and many eye diseases once known as “light stealers”, such as congenital cataracts, glaucoma, retinopathy of prematurity and retinoblastoma, have been better recovered after early surgical intervention. More and more young parents are aware of the importance of bringing their babies for early eye examinations. However, there are many systemic instabilities in the neonatal period, many organs and tissues are continuing to develop and improve, and surgical anesthesia is risky, so choosing the right time for surgery in order to get the best recovery is the most important concern and nagging question for every parent. For pediatric ophthalmologists, it is also a very important and professional task to guide those anxious young parents to choose the right time for surgery and to develop a reasonable surgical plan, because different congenital eye diseases have different timing and location of onset, and different effects on vision development. Therefore, the surgeon needs to take into account the child’s general condition and the type of eye disease. The following principles must be followed: 1. If the child’s general condition is poor, combined with other cardiopulmonary abnormalities or cranio-cerebral important organ diseases, eye surgery should be considered only after the systemic diseases are stabilized and the important systemic indicators are basically normal, which can be determined only after the corresponding specialized examination. 2. Eye diseases that cause serious abnormalities in visual development or rapid disease development must be considered for early surgery, such as congenital cataract, glaucoma and retinopathy of prematurity. Once these diseases are diagnosed, surgery can be considered as early as possible within 1~3 months after birth if the whole body can tolerate anesthesia; if the timing of surgery is missed, the early development of visual acuity is seriously affected, and even if the surgery is successful visual acuity is Therefore, many children often lose the best treatment period and regrettably become blind. Some eye diseases that do not seriously affect vision but may change with the development of the eye, such as ptosis, impingement, strabismus and orbital tumors, can be selected at a later time with close follow-up of the effect on vision. If the eye vision is affected, early surgery can be considered; if the eye vision development is normal, surgery can be performed only after the development of relevant eye tissues and structures is basically mature, which can achieve the best prognosis for surgery to reduce the recurrence rate and also avoid other complications. 4. Other eye diseases that have less impact on the development of vision can be operated at an early stage if the success rate of surgery decreases with age, otherwise they can wait for the right time for surgery. Therefore, young parents must follow the doctor’s guidance and advice to do a good job of early consultation and follow-up, and choose a reasonable period of surgical treatment, so as not to miss the right opportunity and bring lifelong regret and disability to their children!