Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), due to the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute lack of insulin, should not be treated with oral hypoglycemic drugs, and needs to be treated by insulin injections, and it is recommended to consult with a doctor for the treatment plan. 1. Diabetes health education: patients and their families should receive comprehensive diabetes health education, fully understand diabetes and actively cooperate with the treatment. 2. Nutritional therapy: control total energy intake, rational distribution of nutrition, to ensure the normal life and growth of patients. 3. Exercise therapy: The doctor will formulate a program according to the patient’s condition. Regular exercise can help control blood glucose and reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications. 4. Blood glucose monitoring: patients use blood glucose meters to monitor blood glucose changes on a daily basis. 5. Insulin injection therapy: Insulin therapy should be started as soon as T1DM is diagnosed and lifelong replacement therapy is required. Due to the differences in the number and function of residual β-cells in patients, the treatment plan should be individualized, and the plan that includes basal insulin and insulin during meals should be chosen to simulate the physiological insulin secretion pattern as much as possible. The treatment of diabetes mellitus is a comprehensive treatment, diabetic patients should follow the doctor’s advice to regulate the diet, reasonable lowering of glucose, do not self-medication, so as not to delay the condition or lead to adverse reactions.