The anterior oblique muscle is stimulated by cervical spondylosis, inflammation and other peripheral pathologies that cause muscle spasm, muscle hypertrophy, and neurovascular penetration from the belly of the oblique muscle, which can directly or indirectly lead to vascular nerve compression and cause a series of clinical symptoms called anterior oblique muscle syndrome. Since the oblique muscles are attached to the transverse processes of the cervical spine and the ribs, when the cervical spine is fixed, the contraction of the oblique muscles can lift the ribs to assist in the inspiratory action of breathing; when the ribs are fixed, the contraction of the unilateral oblique muscles can cause ipsilateral lateral flexion of the cervical spine, and the bilateral contraction can assist in the flexion of the cervical spine; in addition, the oblique muscles also provide stability of the middle and lower cervical spine. The following is the differential diagnosis of hypertrophic spasm of anterior oblique muscle: enlarged lymph nodes of supraclavicular and anterior oblique muscle: one of the signs of lung cancer, enlarged and hardened lymph nodes of supraclavicular and anterior oblique muscle, which can be obviously palpated.