Hemorrhoid is a very common disease. Folk have “ten men nine hemorrhoids, ten women ten hemorrhoids” saying, perhaps some exaggeration, but China’s hemorrhoid incidence is indeed very high, according to information, its incidence rate in 30% ~ 50%, about the formation of hemorrhoids mechanism there are two main points of view: the traditional concept that the hemorrhoids are the lower end of the rectum or the end of the anal canal of the veins occurring in a tortuous, dilatation and the formation of the The traditional idea is that hemorrhoids are the formation of bulging vein masses in the lower rectum or peripheral veins of the anal canal that are tortuous and dilated. But after research, people have a new understanding of hemorrhoids, hemorrhoids is the anal cushion, is everyone has the anatomical structure. Normal people in the anal canal and the end of the rectum under the mucous membrane there is a kind of special tissue structure called “anal cushion”, it and the anal sphincter together, with a fine gate function, to assist in the normal closure of the anus, and play a role in restraining defecation. Under normal circumstances, the anal cushion loosely attached to the rectal anal canal muscle wall, defecation by abdominal pressure is pushed down, after defecation with the help of its own contraction function, retracted to the anal canal. When the anal cushion is congested, hypertrophy, relaxation and fracture, its elasticity retraction role is weakened, and thus gradually moved down, prolapse, and lead to venous plexus bruising and varicose, and over time that is the formation of hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are mainly manifested as bleeding in the stool, hemorrhoids prolapse, perianal pain, anal itching. Hemorrhoids are divided into internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids, mixed hemorrhoids, internal hemorrhoids according to the severity of the symptoms can be divided into 1 ~ 4 degrees. 1 ~ 2 degrees of lighter, 3 ~ 4 degrees of more serious. If you suffer from external hemorrhoids can be felt in the anal opening soft nodules, simple external hemorrhoids no obvious symptoms, such as the development of thrombosed external hemorrhoids, due to vascular spasm occurs severe pain, defecation, coughing pain intensified. Internal hemorrhoids to blood and hemorrhoidal prolapse as the main symptom. Painless intermittent fresh blood after stool is a characteristic of internal hemorrhoids and an early symptom. Bleeding is not mixed with feces, heavy bleeding can be jet-like, repeated bleeding can cause anemia. When the development of internal hemorrhoids to a certain extent, still can be prolapsed to the anus outside, light can be automatically retracted, such as prolapse is more serious, must be pushed back by hand or bed rest can be returned to, otherwise the prolapsed hemorrhoids that is embedded. In addition to internal and external hemorrhoids, there are also mixed hemorrhoids, which have the above two types of performance. Different types of hemorrhoids treatment methods are not the same. Such as drug therapy, injection therapy, ligation therapy, cryotherapy, microwave therapy, radiofrequency therapy, surgical therapy and so on. Generally speaking, asymptomatic people do not need treatment. 1~2 degrees of general treatment can be effective. Including avoiding irritating food, drinking more water, more dietary fiber, keep the bowel movement, diarrhea prevention, warm water sitz bath, keep perineum clean, often do the anal contraction exercise, local use of mucosal protection suppositories and ointments, and so on. Of course, microwave therapy, radiofrequency therapy, rubber band ligation therapy and so on can also be applied to 1-2 degrees of internal hemorrhoids as appropriate, but care should be taken to prevent complications. As for internal hemorrhoids of degree 3-4, mixed hemorrhoids and thrombosed external hemorrhoids, most of them need surgical treatment. The way of surgery should also be chosen according to the patient’s condition and the experience of the surgeon. In addition to the above various treatments, a new technology for treating hemorrhoids has emerged in recent years – PPH surgery. Based on the new concept of the cause of hemorrhoids – the theory of anal cushion displacement, Italy Longo in 1998 first used anastomosis hemorrhoidal mucosal circumcision, also known as PPH surgery, which is the abbreviation of English “Procedure for Prolapse and Hemorrhoids It is the abbreviation of “Procedure for Prolapse and Hemorrhoids”, which means “Treatment for Prolapse and Hemorrhoids” in Chinese. the principle of PPH surgery lies in the circular resection of rectal mucosal tissue above the hemorrhoidal area, and the use of an anastomosis to anastomose the rectal mucosa so that the anal cushion of the deslip is suspended upwards and returns to the normal anatomical position. At the same time, due to cut off the arterial branches, blood flow is reduced, so that the hemorrhoid nucleus gradually atrophy. PPH surgery has obvious advantages over traditional surgery. First of all, PPH surgery does not remove the anal cushion, maximizing the preservation of the function of the anus, avoiding anal stenosis, anal incontinence and other complications, secondly, the surgery removes the rectal mucosa located on the dentate line, there is no damage to the perianal skin, and thus no postoperative pain; at the same time, the anastomosis ring excision of the mucous membrane for the non-open wounds, eliminating the need to change the medication after the operation, the patient’s hospital stay is short, and the patient can soon return to normal life. The patient’s hospitalization time is short, and the patient can return to normal life soon. For some complex hemorrhoids, such as mixed hemorrhoids, annular hemorrhoids, severe hemorrhoidal prolapse, prolapse anus, etc., PPH shows its unique therapeutic advantages. It is especially an epoch-making revolution in the treatment of severe hemorrhoids. The surgical indications for PPH are: circumferential prolapse of internal hemorrhoids of degree III and IV; recurrent bleeding of internal hemorrhoids of degree II; anterior rectal bulge and intrarectal prolapse leading to functional outlet obstruction type constipation. For external hemorrhoids mainly mixed hemorrhoids, connective tissue external hemorrhoids and incarcerated hemorrhoids pure PPH surgery is not suitable.