Infant vision development chart Age Visual acuity Description Birth Photopic vision is very poor, only light perception 1 month Manual eye can only gather in front of the eyes 20-30 cm 2 months 0.01 Eyes can move with slowly moving objects, protective blink reflex begins to appear 3 months 0.01-0.02 Visual field has reached 180 degrees 4 months 0.02-0.05 Hand-eye coordination begins, can look at their own hands, and sometimes can 6 months 0.04-0.08 Both eyes can look at an object for a longer period of time, and hand-eye coordination is more proficient. 8 months 0.1 The ability to judge distance and move the body to get the target after setting it. 1 year 0.2-0.3 Vision and fine motor coordination, can handle smaller objects, such as grasping food with fingers. 2 years 0.4-0.5 Developing depth perception, can distinguish between distant and near objects. 3 years 0.6 sharper vision and better hand-eye coordination 4 years 0.8 enjoys flipping through books and identifying the direction of patterns 6-7 years 1.0 has the same vision as a normal adult Tips Avoid 2 kinds of light in life Babies are the babies that their parents hold in their hands and care for them, since birth they start to worry about the many “lights” in life that can cause damage to their eyes. So how to prevent it? Camera flash When taking pictures of babies and toddlers, avoid using flash because the bright light can damage the retina and affect their vision development. Without proper protection, ultraviolet rays will not only sunburn your baby, but also lead to “ultraviolet ophthalmia”, which can adversely affect your vision and cause damage to your eyes. It is recommended that when you take your baby out, it is best to take a sunshade or give your baby a small hat, between 10 am and 2 pm, is the strongest time for UV rays, should avoid going out. The eyes are the “window to the soul” and must be cherished, with good habits, balanced intake of nutrients, and regular checkups to have good eyesight! Part1. vision care / age-specific care method Myopia is hereditary, parents have myopia, children are also more likely to myopia, but also need to add is that the genetic referred to here, in addition to parental genetic influence, more likely to be influenced by lifestyle. In other words, the genetic inheritance will make the child “myopia prone”, but most of the causes of myopia are still due to the acquired environment and improper eye habits. From the birth of a child, parents can observe whether their baby’s eyesight is normal from small areas of their lives and take proper care of it, so as to lay a good foundation for their child’s eyesight from a young age! 0～1 year old・Frequent stimulation Developmental focus During this year, the visual system develops rapidly, so that the baby can only distinguish black and white images to gradually distinguish the color of things, near and far, and even begin to develop hand-eye coordination. At this time, eye movements are still unstable and occasional eye tilting is normal; after 4 months of age, attention should be paid to whether the eyes move with the object in front of them, and after 6 months of age, if the eye position is not correct or the eye movements are uncoordinated, a doctor should be consulted. This is a good way for parents to meet their children’s physical and mental needs. Regular work and rest, adequate sleep and balanced nutrition are prerequisites for good development. When your baby starts to eat complementary foods, drink less sugary juices and eat less sweets to maintain the pH balance in your body. Eat more supplements made of fruits and vegetables to get rich vitamins. Frequent interaction During the critical period of vision development, multiple stimuli help your baby’s visual development. At birth, let your baby see his or her parents’ faces up close, and at 8 months of age, your baby will start to look for things that disappear in front of him or her, so peek-a-boo is a fun and visual training game. 1~2 years old・Training hand-eye coordination Developmental focus During this time, babies will develop mature visual discrimination skills and be able to summarize objects in a simple way. Hand-eye and body coordination will allow your child to pick up and drop objects correctly. Children with vision problems will be afraid to move when practicing walking because they cannot accurately perceive things in three dimensions. The retina of your child is still developing, so television and computers have a negative impact on his or her development. If you want to watch it, do not exceed 30 minutes at a time, and limit it to one hour a day. The TV screen should be soft and stable, and keep a distance of 6 to 8 times the diagonal length of the TV plane. Matching games Babies are beginning to recognize simple geometric patterns, and some matching games with shapes and colors will interest them and train hand-eye coordination. 2-4 years old・Building good habits Developmental focus At this time, your baby can see the world almost as well as adults, with good hand-eye coordination, and can easily avoid obstacles when walking and keep up with fast-moving things. Parents do this to prevent trauma The baby’s activity is getting bigger and bigger, and if he doesn’t know how to protect himself, it’s easy to cause eye trauma between chasing and colliding. Since babies are unable to express themselves, it is best for parents to take their children to the hospital for a detailed examination by an ophthalmologist if there is any trauma. Good reading posture Most children can already flip through books and should establish good reading habits. Eyes and books should be kept at 30 to 35 centimeters, with a 10-minute break for every 20 to 30 minutes of reading, not in a moving car or in direct sunlight. First vision check Your baby can receive his or her first vision check when he or she turns 3 years old. Before taking your child for the test, teach your child to recognize the vision chart and know how to read it. The age of 1 to 6 is a critical time for your baby’s eye development, but there are hidden eye health killers in all corners of life that mothers cannot see. To build a good foundation for your baby’s eye health and balanced nutrition, in order to let your baby have a “bright” future. Part 2 baby eye care 5 major actions Action 1 0 ~ 6 years old・healthy foundation After birth to early childhood, the baby’s eyes and vision is a gradual way to continue to develop, usually the baby’s eyesight until 6 years old to reach the level of adults. 6 years old before many eye diseases, are correctable and restore to the original state, so in the baby 0 ~ 6 years old stage, should pay more attention to the baby’s eye development state. Action 2 Good vision・good learning The human brain can grow to 80% in the first year of life, especially in the first 6 months, the eyes develop rapidly, and vision also develops rapidly. Baby’s learning is very dependent on the senses, so when babies rely on vision to establish the concept of objects, space, in order to further develop abstract concepts. Poor visual development not only affects the learning effect, but also makes babies feel insecure. Action 3 Avoid blue light・reduce lesions Blue light is one of the invisible killers of babies’ eyes because it is a spectrum that cannot be distinguished by the naked eye. Exposure to excessive blue light can damage the eyes, especially by causing macular degeneration. Many people know that UV rays can damage the eyes, but only the cornea and crystalloids are harmed by UV rays because UV rays cannot penetrate both for deeper damage, but blue light can penetrate the crystalloids and go straight to the macula. The highest percentage of blue light penetrates the crystal body from 0 to 2 years old 0 to 2 years old 2 to 10 years old 30 to 90 years old 70% to 80% 60% to 70% 20% Action 4 The younger you are, the more you need to protect your eyes Because the crystal body of newborn babies and toddlers is completely transparent, the percentage of blue light penetrating the crystal body to reach the retina is relatively high, so the eyes of newborn babies and toddlers are most vulnerable to blue light. However, as they grow older, the crystal body gradually becomes yellow, and yellow can block and filter blue light, so compared to adults, the proportion of blue light penetrating the crystal body and reaching the retina is four times higher in infants’ eyes than in adults. Action 5 Health Care: Balanced Diet A balanced diet can also effectively avoid the damage of blue light on the baby’s eyes. Breast milk contains a lot of natural lutein, so breastfeeding a newborn baby can also effectively help the baby to get the most natural and sufficient lutein nutrition to avoid the damage caused by blue light on the eyes. Many studies have confirmed that lutein can absorb and filter blue light from the macula to prevent damage to the retina. Since the body cannot synthesize lutein on its own, it must be taken from food, so it is recommended to consume more dark green vegetables. The content of lutein in common vegetables and fruits High content Spinach Medium content Green beans, lettuce, broccoli, pumpkin, corn Low content Green beans, carrots, peppers, celery Food sources of other nutrients Vitamin A Egg yolk, cream, animal liver, dark green and dark yellow fruits and vegetables DHA Salmon, tuna, mackerel AA Eggs Part3 Easy to eat to get good vision To have good vision development, in addition to a rich stimulation In addition to a rich stimulation, a good living environment and proper habits, diet also has a lot to do with it. Proper eating habits are the key to good eyesight, and parents need to take care of it. POINT1. Balanced intake of 6 nutrients 6 nutrients are important components to maintain life and regulate body metabolism. To maintain a balanced development of all parts of the body, including the development of vision, these nutrients are indispensable. POINT2. Take more food for eye protection You should take more vitamin A (dark green and red-yellow fruits and vegetables, liver, milk and eggs), vitamin B1 (cereals and milk and eggs), vitamin B12 (liver, fish, meat), iron (oats, milk, seaweed), calcium (milk, soy products, dark vegetables), DHA (fish), etc., which are helpful for eye health. POINT3. Eat less sweets Ice cream, cakes, candies and other sweets are the favorite of children, but they are not good for eyesight. Too much sugar will affect calcium absorption, make the eye sclera elasticity is reduced, and high blood sugar is likely to cause crystal body osmotic pressure changes, so that the crystal body becomes convex, leading to myopia.