1, All overweight and obese patients should be advised to lose weight; weight loss helps to reduce LDL, triglycerides, glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HgA1c), and also helps to reduce the risk of diabetes and contributes to blood pressure; the health benefits of weight loss measures are as effective as medication, and increasing HDL (Class I evidence). 2. Identify patients’ risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes; BMI (overweight ≥ 25 kg/m2; obese ≥ 30 kg/m2) as an initial screening step (Class I) and waist circumference (> 88 cm for women and > 102 cm for men) for further risk assessment (Class IIa). 3. Caloric intake should be reduced under any prescription (Class I) and should be considered in balance with increased energy requirements. No one diet is particularly ideal for weight loss. 4, The most effective way to lose weight is a comprehensive lifestyle intervention (combining diet, physical activity and behavioral strategies) with high intensity (adherence to 14 sessions within 6 months) It is recommended to join an intervention group organized by specially trained intervention specialists or to receive individual intervention services, and the intervention should last for 1 year or more (Class I). 5. Bariatric surgery is indicated for patients with a body mass index of ≥40 kg/m2 and may be considered for patients with ≥35 kg/m2 or who have failed to respond to comprehensive lifestyle intervention treatment (Class IIa). The most effective surgical approach depends on many clinical variables (Class IIb), and physicians should remind patients to choose an experienced bariatric surgeon; bariatric surgery is not done well by every qualified bariatric surgeon. The evidence regarding specific dietary and lifestyle interventions and surgical weight loss is thoroughly re-examined. There has been some loosening of the evidence regarding the relationship between BMI and cardiovascular effects, leading to changes in initial weight loss goals.