Vaginitis is a common and frequent disease in women and can have an impact on women’s life, school, work, health, quality of life and sex life. The following issues should be taken into account in the diagnosis and treatment of vaginitis. The pathogens of trichomoniasis can invade the female vagina, endocervical lining and urethra, causing vaginitis, cervical erosion and cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; trichomoniasis infection in pregnant women can lead to premature rupture of the fetal membranes, resulting in fetal death or abnormal weight of the newborn; infection of newborn baby girls during vaginal delivery of their mothers (through contamination of the vagina and urethra by digestive tract and feces); can cause non-gonococcal in their sexual partners Urethritis, prostatitis, epididymitis, glans prepuce, urethral stricture and infertility. Pseudomonas vaginalis can cause vaginal and vulvar inflammation, inflammation of the urinary tract; neonatal infections; glansitis and priapism in sexual partners. Complications of bacterial vaginosis can include pelvic inflammatory disease, post-hysterectomy vaginitis, fornix cellulitis, abnormal uterine bleeding, endometritis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, spontaneous abortion, premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, cloudy amniotic fluid, postpartum endometritis, post-cesarean section wound infection, etc. If vaginitis is not cured in time, it can easily induce cervicitis due to various factors such as pathogens and vaginal ecological immunology. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaginitis left untreated for a long time and persistent HPV infection of the cervix can also cause cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Inflammation of the upper genital tract can be caused if the microorganism travels up from the vagina and cervical canal lining to the endometrium, fallopian tubes, and adjacent tissues. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococcus), chlamydial infections and bacterial vaginosis are the most important risk factors for the development of pelvic inflammatory disease, contact sexually transmitted diseases. There is an important relationship between disease pathogens and pelvic inflammatory disease. A variety of microorganisms have been identified in the upper genital tract of patients with acute pelvic inflammatory disease, including gonococci, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, anaerobic bacteria in the vagina and aerobic flora of Prevotella spp. (Mycobacterium simulans), Gardnerella vaginalis, and Streptococcus gastrointestinalis. This indicates that vaginitis is closely related to the development of pelvic inflammatory disease.