Treatment of compensated cirrhosis Patients with HBV-DNA-positive compensated cirrhosis must be considered for treatment (even if ALT is normal). Patients with cirrhosis require long-term treatment and careful monitoring for the development of drug resistance and hepatitis exacerbations. Long-term and adequate suppression of HBV-DNA stabilizes the patient and prevents the onset of decompensation, and also allows reversal and regression of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. ETV or TDF are the preferred NUCs because of their strong antiviral effect and low risk of drug resistance. LAM should not be used in these patients. Antiviral therapy should be considered in patients with cirrhosis as long as they are HBV-DNA positive; LAM should not be used in patients with cirrhosis. Treatment of decompensated cirrhosis To reduce disease relapse, patients with decompensated cirrhosis require antiviral therapy regardless of HBV-DNA levels. patients who are HBV-DNA positive require antiviral therapy with immediate NUC. Lifelong treatment is recommended. Control of viral replication may result in significant clinical improvement or may avoid liver transplantation. IFN-like drugs are contraindicated. ETV or TDF should be chosen.