The uterine wall consists of the plasma layer, the myometrium and the endometrium. Under normal circumstances, the uterine wall thickness should be 10 mm in non-pregnant women, and in pregnant women, the uterine wall thickness will gradually increase and can reach 20-25 mm. In late pregnancy, the uterine wall thickness will gradually become thinner, with a uterine wall thickness of 10-15 mm, or even thinner. If abnormal thickening of the uterine wall occurs, it is often associated with adenomyosis, bacterial and mycoplasma infections, etc. The abnormal thickening of the uterine wall can be treated only after symptomatic treatment to remove the cause. In the case of adenomyosis, ultrasound examination is required to determine the size of the residue. If the residue is small and there is no blood flow signal, medication can be used to expel it; if it is large and there is a blood flow signal, surgery is required to remove the uterus and the uterine wall can be restored to normal thickness through symptomatic treatment. If, during the examination, abnormal thickening of the uterine wall is found, a clear diagnosis is needed before treatment. Adenomyosis means that the endometrium, which has a growth function, invades the myometrium and grows diffusely, which can cause abnormal thickening of the uterine wall. If there are no other uncomfortable symptoms, expectant observation therapy can be performed. If accompanied by milder symptoms, such as mild vaginal bleeding, pharmacological treatment options are available, including NSAIDs and hormonal drugs. If symptoms are severe and medication is not effective, surgical treatment may be an option. After effective treatment of adenomyosis, the uterine wall can return to normal thickness. In contrast, myometritis caused by bacterial and mycoplasma infections can lead to thickening of the uterine wall. For bacterial infection, antibiotics combined with metronidazole and tinidazole are chosen for treatment; for mycoplasma infection, macrolides, including erythromycin and azithromycin, are chosen. After controlling the primary cause, the thickening of the uterine wall will be effectively relieved. If a woman has a thickened uterine wall after childbirth but does not show any uncomfortable symptoms, it may be due to the hypertrophy of the uterine fibers during pregnancy and poor recovery after childbirth, which usually requires no special treatment and regular review and observation. If it is caused by residual embryonic tissue in the uterine cavity, ultrasound examination is required. Depending on the size of the residue, if it is small and there is no blood flow signal, medication can be used to expel it; if it is large and there is a blood flow signal, surgery to remove the uterus is required. If, during the examination, abnormal thickening of the uterine wall is found, a clear diagnosis is needed before treatment.