Our country has a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection, about sixty percent of the population is infected, most of them are recessively infected and a small number of them are overtly infected. Most of the people in the infection produce antibodies and only some of them become chronic hepatitis B virus infected, about 130 million people in our country. Chronic hepatitis B virus infected people usually go through; immune tolerance period, immune clearance period, reactivation period and integration period during the long course of the disease. These different periods result in; chronic hepatitis B virus carriers, chronic hepatitis B, liver fibrosis, hepatitis cirrhosis, post-hepatitis cirrhosis, and liver cancer. This is the result of the interaction between the body and the virus, so people with chronic hepatitis B virus infection should correctly understand their disease, seek professional medical advice and be prepared for a long-term battle with the disease. Choose the most suitable treatment plan for different periods. Niu Longxi, Department of Critical Care Liver Disease, Datong Fourth People’s Hospital