Since I983, when Australian scholars Wallen and Marshall first discovered Helicobacter pylori (HP) and proposed that HP is related to the development of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer, scholars at home and abroad have been competing to conduct research on this and have made great progress, the World Health Organization proposed that HP is a class I risk factor for gastric cancer. HP is a Gram-negative bacterium that infects about half of the adults in the world, and domestic epidemiological surveys show that the infection rate is 40-60%, more than 80% of gastric ulcers and 95% of duodenal ulcers are related to HP infection. Some patients panic when they find HP infection! Is it necessary to eradicate HP infection? The answer is no! Not all people infected with HP need to be treated, because most infected people have no symptoms appearing for life, and blind treatment will cause a waste of health resources. 1. There is evidence that HP is one of the important factors causing chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer and gastric cancer. Therefore, first of all, HP eradication treatment for people with proven ulcer disease is beneficial to both patients and society and is absolutely necessary. All patients with a history of ulcer disease and frequent use of acid-suppressing drugs should be clearly diagnosed and treated. 2. Secondly, patients with a family history of gastritis and HP(+) should be treated for HP eradication to prevent deterioration. 3. Again, patients with malignant ulcers or postoperative gastric cancer should also receive HP eradication therapy, which can effectively prevent or delay disease recurrence.