Breast cysts are most commonly seen in women and are usually detected during clinical ultrasound examinations. For the presence of cystic masses with clear margins and fluid inside the breast, they are collectively referred to as breast cysts. Breast cysts are a deranged manifestation of normal lobular degeneration of the breast. The pathogenesis of this condition is not yet clinically clear, but is considered to be related to endocrine, trauma, and long-term adverse emotions such as depression and anxiety. If the fluid inside the cyst is determined to be milk, it is called a cumulus cyst and is mainly associated with blockage of the milk ducts. Whether a patient with a breast cyst needs surgical treatment needs to be analyzed by a medical professional, taking into account the patient’s specific symptoms, signs and relevant examination results. Usually, if there are no uncomfortable symptoms other than the lump and the puncture cytology suggests no abnormalities, the lesion is generally considered benign and does not require surgical treatment. If the cyst is large in size it can be treated by aspiration under ultrasound and the symptoms can be relieved by aspiration of the cystic fluid. For patients with fertility requirements or patients with recurrent attacks after aspiration, surgical removal of cysts can be chosen in combination with doctor’s recommendation, and the surgical treatment method of vacuum-assisted minimally invasive mammary gland rotation is mostly used in clinical practice. Patients with breast cysts should avoid pressure on the breast in daily life and can apply wet compresses under the guidance of a professional doctor to promote blood circulation; avoid intake of substances rich in caffeine; breastfeeding women should keep their breasts clean and avoid milk stagnation.