1.Brief overview of diseases The anorectum is the end of the gastrointestinal tract, the external mouth that leads to the surface of the body, and its main function is to excrete stool. Almost all kinds of diseases of the digestive tract can occur in this square area of the anus. Common diseases include internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids, mixed hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal fistulas, perianal abscesses, anal eczema, and other diseases. The etiology of anal diseases is complex, but it is generally believed that the main causes include pathogenic infections, inflammation, and local varicose veins. In the “Golden Guide to Medicine. The key to surgical techniques: “The name of hemorrhoids is also many, but there is no other source of wind, dampness, dryness and heat.” In Chinese medicine, the occurrence of anorectal disease is due to the combination of wind, dampness, dryness and heat, which take advantage of the deficiency, and the occurrence of anal disease is considered to be the internal cause of the onset of yin and yang imbalance, and the internal organ deficiency is the internal cause of the onset of the disease, and the external cause of the onset of the disease is poor diet and the six evil spirits. Anal disease is the result of internal deficiency, yin and yang imbalance, dysfunction of the internal organs, wind, moisture, dryness and heat, resulting in local meridian obstruction, poor blood flow and fetish accumulation in the anus, which can lead to anal disorders. Anal diseases often manifest clinically as pain, bleeding, swelling, dampness, itching, etc. According to the etiology and pathogenesis of anorectal diseases, according to the principle of treating the symptoms and examining the causes, we establish the treatment method of clearing heat and detoxification, relieving swelling and pain, cooling blood and stopping bleeding, and drying dampness and astringency. The fumigation method is one of the common methods of external treatment, which can effectively target the etiology and clinical manifestations of anorectal diseases, with precise efficacy. It is guided by the basic theory of Chinese medicine, based on the theory of internal organs and meridians as well as the theory of the nature and function of traditional Chinese medicine, and the selection of certain prescriptions is heated to produce warm medicinal gas, which acts on the lesion, dispersing evil and relieving muscle, relieving swelling and pain, clearing heat and detoxifying, warming the meridians, activating blood circulation and resolving blood stasis. It can remove wind and dampness, kill insects and relieve itching, etc., so as to achieve the purpose of treating diseases. Research shows that fumigation therapy is to play a therapeutic effect on the body through the action of temperature, machinery and drugs. When the drug is used to fumigate the skin or the affected area, the warm stimulation causes the vasodilation of the skin and the affected area, which can promote the blood and lymphatic circulation of the local and peripheral body, and in addition to the direct therapeutic effect of the drug, it can also make the metabolism flourish and improve the local tissue nutrition and systemic functions. The therapeutic effect of fumigation therapy depends mainly on the type of drugs used. During fumigation, some drugs are attached to the skin and play a therapeutic role, while at the same time stimulating the nerve endings receptors of the skin and forming new reflexes through the nervous system, thus destroying the original pathological reflex connection and achieving the purpose of curing the disease. Drug fumigation therapy is widely used in the conservative treatment of local pathological changes in various anal diseases and in postoperative care. This therapy is quite widely used in the treatment of anal diseases, and has a good therapeutic effect on mixed hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal eczema, perianal inflammation and anal swelling, pain and bleeding caused by anal surgery. Chinese herbal fumigation applied in anal diseases can promote tissue metabolism and blood circulation, eliminate bleeding edema and reduce symptoms or cure. Similarly, patients with open wounds after anorectal surgery should also advocate early herbal fumigation treatment, which can effectively promote the discharge of tissue metabolites, clean the wounds, and accelerate blood circulation and tissue repair. 3.Application and promotion prospects Fumigation therapy is a traditional Chinese medicine therapy, which works through the synergistic effect of medicine and heat to make the active ingredients of medicine work through the skin, promote local blood circulation in the anus and enhance the anti-disease ability of local tissues, and the medicine is more flexible, rapid, safe, reliable, economical and practical, giving full play to the “simple, inexpensive and experimental” characteristics of Chinese medicine. “It is easy to promote in clinical practice. Indications (1) Patients with internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids, mixed hemorrhoids, anal fissure, anal eczema, early perianal abscess and anal fistula who meet the above diagnostic criteria; (2) Patients with postoperative open wounds who meet the above criteria. 5. Contraindications (1) Combined with other anal diseases such as colitis; (2) Late pregnancy and menstruating women; (3) History of allergy to Chinese medicine ingredients. 6.Technical operation method (1) Instrument preparation Drug preparation: use hemorrhoiditis flushing spirit (in-hospital preparation) or choose Chinese medicine prescriptions according to the evidence. Preparation of items: simple toilet chair, suitable size fumigation basin. (2) Operation steps Chinese medicine crushed coarse sieve cloth wrapped in 1000ml-1500ml boiling water, first fumigate with hot air, and then sit the anus into the basin after the temperature is suitable for washing hot bath, the temperature of 37-40 ℃, in order not to burn the skin, must make the anus all submerged in water, sitting bath can be gently pressed around the anus with gauze. (3) Treatment time and duration Fumigation for 5-10 minutes each time, sitz bath for 10-15min, total time about 30imn each time, once a day in the morning and once in the evening, for 7 days. (4) Precautions a. When the water temperature of the medicinal bath is high, fumigate first, wait for the medicinal solution to cool down, then sit in the tub, before you can test the temperature with your hands to prevent the water temperature is too hot to burn the skin. Acute eczema patients should be warm washing, the temperature of the liquid should not be too high. b, before meals, half an hour after meals should not be sitz bath. Drug bath before meals, due to gastrointestinal emptiness, physical decline, bathing is easy to cause deficiency; immediately after meals, bathing can cause the gastrointestinal or visceral blood reduction, is not conducive to digestion. c, sitz bath should slowly get up from the tub. If you stand up from the tub after the bath, it is easy to cause postural hypotension and cause blackness, vertigo, and even fainting. d. If an allergic reaction is found during the bath, the bath should be stopped immediately and the anus should be cleaned with water in time.