Granulomatous mastitis, as the name suggests, is a mastitis with granulomas as the main pathological feature. The initial manifestation of the disease is a breast lump, which has some similarity to the symptoms of breast cancer and can be easily confused with it, requiring a pathological puncture biopsy for a clear diagnosis. The etiology is not clear, but most of them are thought to be related to abnormal immune response, and the incidence is increasing in recent years. 1. Etiology: The etiology of granulomatous mastitis is not clear, but three aspects can be roughly deduced from medical research. The first is the retrograde flow of secretions and milk into the interlobular stroma, causing inflammation. Second, local trauma or infection to the interlobular stroma, forming granulation tissue. Third, it is related to autoimmunity. As a result of low immunity, chemical stimulation or infection can easily harm the ducts, which can lead to granulomatous mastitis. 2, Treatment: There are many different treatments reported for granulomatous mastitis, surgical treatment (lesion excision, mastectomy, debridement, abscess incision and drainage, etc.), duct infusion and irrigation treatment, and medication: hormones, antibiotics, anti-tuberculosis drugs, and herbal conservative treatment, etc. At present, I advocate conservative treatment with Chinese medicine, which has many advantages such as high cure rate, low recurrence rate, natural shape recovery, avoidance of breast deficiency or deformity, non-invasive or minimally invasive, easy to perform, and low impact on family and work. Surgical treatment, on the other hand, is often more traumatic and can easily lead to breast deformity or even deficiency, with the possibility of secondary or multiple surgeries. Hormone therapy, although partially effective, often rebound after stopping the drug. Antibiotic treatment is mostly ineffective and hardly cures the disease. Anti-tuberculosis treatment is reported to have certain efficiency, but side effects such as liver damage cannot be ignored, and it is difficult to persist for a long time. For patients with abscesses, treatment with puncture drainage or small incision drainage can be used to achieve good results. Granulomatous mastitis is a kind of mastitis related to immune abnormalities, which is chronic and easily misdiagnosed, and therefore requires more sophisticated medical research.