Perianal eczema is an inflammatory skin reaction caused by a variety of internal and external factors, and its symptoms are mainly erythema, papules, blisters, exudation, vesicles and itching in the acute stage; in the subacute and chronic stages, the disease is characterized by local dampness, infiltration and hypertrophy of lesions, which can become chapped and itchy, and even bleeding after scratching. The disease is a common clinical condition, which occurs in adults and is prone to recurrent attacks and persistent treatment, causing great psychological and physical pain to patients. However, local application of corticosteroids can relieve the itching symptoms. There are also some clinical diseases with symptoms similar to perianal eczema, which are malignant lesions or have a tendency to become malignant and should be distinguished. 1, perianal condyloma: for human papillomavirus caused by a skin disease, good in the anal canal mucosa and skin junction and anal edge. The first issue is a tiny light red, dark red or light gray papillary bulge, gradually increasing to the size of a grain of rice, increasing in size, can be integrated into the piece. The surface is easily eroded and bleeds easily when touched. There are itching symptoms and secondary infection after scratching. The disease has the tendency of malignant transformation. 2.Basal cell carcinoma: Most patients have anal canal masses and ulcers, with clinical bleeding, pain, itching, change of stool habit and discharge. The typical lesion is a chronic nodule, which increases slowly and often forms an ulcer in the center, surrounded by a pearl-like raised rim, which is called an erosive ulcer. The final diagnosis can only be made by pathological examination. 3. Paget’s disease: The initial common symptom is intractable perianal pruritus, which cannot be relieved by local application of corticosteroids. The lesion is initially a perianal papule or scaly erythematous plaque, which gradually expands into an infiltrative plaque with perianal flushing, similar to eczema, and later forms an ulcer with raised edges and clear boundaries, with a mucousy yellow exudate on the surface, followed by a yellow crust, and the ulcer does not heal for a long time, with a burning sensation. The diagnosis can be made clearly by pathological examination. 4. Bowen’s Disease: Early stage of the disease is a small patch of erythema, often without conscious symptoms, later with scratching and burning sensation when pain and bleeding appear. Local examination: one or several well-defined scaly erythematous patches on the perianal skin or mucosa, strongly resembling chronic dermatitis, psoriasis or eczema. In late stages, it develops deeper and can become a typical squamous carcinoma. Early clinical diagnosis is difficult and is often occasionally detected during anorectal surgical pathological examination