As living standards improve, both obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) disease have become significant parts of the public health problem, posing a significant burden on the development of health care worldwide. The two are in turn correlated, with multiple risk factors for reflux in the obese population, making weight control a part of the treatment of GERD. Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is the classic surgical treatment for GERD, achieving 90% symptomatic relief with a low risk of recurrence and death. However, when applied to obese patients, complication and recurrence rates are significantly higher, making Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) a better option. The effective short-term remission of obese GERD patients after GBP has been demonstrated in a number of studies, and a prospective study by Carlos Augusto S et al. from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil, based on long-term postoperative follow-up data, takes this research a step further, and the results were published in the journal Annals of Surgery. The study included 86 obese patients with a previous diagnosis of GERD treated with GBP surgery at the center, excluding 15 patients who were lost to follow-up after surgery and 18 patients who refused to be reviewed, for a total of 53 patients with long-term follow-up results, with a mean postoperative follow-up time of 39±7 months. Each Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was performed independently by an experienced surgeon through a median upper abdominal incision with a 10 cm anastomosis in the lesser curvature of the stomach at a vertical distance of 7 cm from the cardia, leaving a gastric bursa of approximately 20-30 ml and a 6.5 cm silicone rubber ring to limit the size of the bursa, followed by hand suturing to complete the gastrojejunostomy. For data collection, patients were evaluated for clinical symptoms and ancillary findings at three time points: preoperatively (E1), 6 months postoperatively (E2), and more than 30 months postoperatively (E3), in order to understand the early and long-term prognosis of these patients after GBP surgical treatment, respectively. The statistical results revealed that the number of cases with typical reflux symptoms decreased from 31 (E1) to 8 (E2) and even 5 (E3) preoperatively. Similarly, the number of cases of reflux esophagitis decreased from 24 to 17 and 10, and the incidence of GERD decreased from 34 to 21 and 12, meaning that the majority of patients had significant improvement in reflux with treatment. In addition, obesity was significantly controlled, with the mean BMI decreasing from 46±7.7 kg/m2 (E1) to 30±5.2 kg/m2 (E3). In addition to significant weight loss, the investigators concluded that for most patients, surgical treatment with GBP can improve GERD symptoms and reduce esophageal mucosal damage for at least 3 years. GBP surgery should be considered an ideal treatment option for GERD patients with a BMI greater than 40 kg/m2 or a BMI greater than 35 kg/m2 with co-morbidities.