Myopia is a very common eye disease, the incidence of which has been increasing year by year, directly affecting the healthy growth of the majority of young people. Some people, who are nearsighted, have parents who are also; some parents are not nearsighted, but they wear myopic glasses. Some people are also worried about whether their children will be affected if their loved ones are nearsighted when they choose their spouses. This is the concern of whether myopia can be inherited. It starts with the type of myopia. Myopia can be divided into two types, namely high myopia and common myopia. Ordinary myopia, also known as simple myopia, can develop from childhood and rarely progresses after the age of 20, and the vision can be corrected to normal after wearing glasses. High myopia, also known as progressive myopia, is another eye disease completely different from simple myopia. As the eyes grow older, the anterior and posterior axes of the eyes continue to lengthen and the posterior part of the eye expands, accompanied by degenerative changes in the retina of the fundus plexus. From the analysis of the findings of the eye disease, the rate of myopia in family members with a family history of myopia is higher than that in those without a family history of myopia, indicating that the onset of myopia is related to heredity. However, the occurrence of myopia is influenced by acquired environmental factors. Therefore, scholars now agree that myopia is polygenic, i.e., the patient has multiple causative genes, but with the role of environmental factors, a phenomenon easily seen in the occurrence of simple myopia. Environmental factors include poor lighting, poor reading and work habits, such as prolonged reading and close work, where the eye’s regulating muscles are in a constant state of tension and contraction, which in turn weakens the ability to regulate and myopia occurs. However, myopia does not occur in all people under the same conditions, and certain myopic patients do not do close work or rarely read books and newspapers. It is clear that myopia is the result of a combination of genetics and environment. For high myopia, it is thought to be caused by autosomal recessive inheritance. This means that both parents are highly myopic (note: this means highly myopic!) If one parent is highly myopic and the other is a carrier (no myopia), the expected incidence of high myopia in the child is 50%; if both parents are not highly myopic and are only carriers, the incidence of high myopia in the child is 25%.