What are the ways of transmission of hepatitis B major and minor third?
Blood transmission: Healthy people are infected through the input of blood, plasma and other blood products with hepatitis B virus, or through the use of poorly sterilized medical equipment. Such as syringes, infusion sets, surgical instruments, razors and so on.
Second, mother-to-child transmission: The mother carries the hepatitis B virus and is not medically blocked during pregnancy, or is not medically examined and is not found to be carrying the hepatitis B virus. During childbirth, the virus is transmitted to the baby through the amniotic fluid, birth canal and broken skin of the baby. Generally, more than 90% of mothers with “major and minor hepatitis B” will transmit the virus to their babies; the probability of transmission of “minor hepatitis B” is relatively small.
Three, sexually transmitted: sexual transmission is also a kind of body fluid transmission. In addition, kissing can also be transmitted, if the mucous membrane of the mouth and lips is broken also have this possibility.
Four, food transmission: and carry the hepatitis B virus with its meals, or use poorly disinfected tableware, the virus through food into the digestive tract of healthy people, when their digestive organs ulcer or immune function is low, will be infected with the hepatitis B virus.
There are high tips to prevent hepatitis B major and minor triplets.
First, actively do the normal health examination work. Do early examination, early detection and early treatment. You can go to the local hospital or specialist hospital and the local epidemic prevention department to do a hepatitis B “two and a half” examination, if the “two and a half” five indicators are negative (-) should be timely hepatitis B vaccination work. After three hepatitis B vaccinations, another hepatitis B “two-to-one” test will be performed. If the second of the five indicators (i.e., hepatitis B surface antibody anti-HBS) is positive (+), the vaccination is successful. In the future, the vaccine will be checked again every 2-3 years, and the hepatitis B vaccine will be booster again when the second positive is weakened.
Do not use blood or blood products that have not been strictly tested; do not share syringes or surgical instruments that have not been strictly sterilized; do not share toothbrushes or razors. If you want to pull out a tooth, go to a regular hospital for treatment, do not go to a small clinic with poor sterilization conditions to pull out a tooth.
If one of the spouses is carrying the hepatitis B virus, it is best to use condoms or take other preventive measures. When the woman is in the seventh month of pregnancy, she should go to the hospital for drug blocking treatment. Starting from the seventh month, the woman should receive a monthly injection of hepatitis B immunoglobulin for three months. This is a good way to prevent the child from being infected with the hepatitis B virus.
Do not eat at roadside restaurants that are not well sterilized, and try to avoid eating with people who have hepatitis B disease. If you have a family member with hepatitis B disease, it is best for other people to go to the hospital or the epidemic prevention department to do the hepatitis B “two-to-one half” test in a timely manner, such as all five indicators are negative (-) to promptly inject hepatitis B vaccine. Before antibodies appear, it is best to disinfect dishes or share meals to avoid mutual transmission.
What are the symptoms of hepatitis B “major and minor triple-positive” patients?
Generally speaking, most patients with hepatitis B “major and minor tri-positive” have few clinical symptoms, while a small number of patients may have mild symptoms such as anorexia, dry vomiting, fatigue, dry mouth, bitter mouth, etc. Serious patients may have symptoms such as insomnia, dreaminess, abdominal distension, discomfort in the liver area, bleeding gums, etc. Female patients may have irregular menstruation, blood clots during menstruation, dark spots on the face, etc. Women may have menstrual disorders, menstrual clots, dark spots on the face, etc.
Why do most of the patients with “major and minor hepatitis B” have no symptoms?
Because the human liver has no nerves. Therefore, most patients with liver disease rarely have any obvious symptoms. In particular, liver cells have a strong compensatory function. What is compensatory function? Simply put, it means that some of the liver cells have already died, and some good liver cells can replace the necrotic liver cells to complete their proper functions. Therefore, in clinical practice, many patients with early cirrhosis have normal liver function. This type of cirrhosis is called “compensated cirrhosis”. Therefore, most patients with hepatitis B basically have no symptoms.
What are the problems and dietary requirements for patients with hepatitis B “major and minor triplets”?
Patients with hepatitis B “major and minor tri-positive” should go to the hospital for regular health check-ups. According to the examination results, if the doctor requires treatment, you should actively cooperate with the treatment, do not take a chance and let it happen, so as not to delay the disease and endanger your health, keep a happy mood, establish confidence and determination to overcome the disease, do not have fear, pay attention to rest, participate less in physical labor and sports with excessive intensity, do not stay up late, less anger. Diet should be light, eat less large fish, meat, do not drink, do not smoke, do not eat fried, spicy and too oily food; eat more vegetables, fruits, soy products, etc.. Exercise properly. These matters are of great help to the maintenance and treatment of hepatitis B patients.
Do asymptomatic hepatitis B “major and minor triplets” need to be treated?
Some people think that if you don’t have symptoms, you don’t need to treat your hepatitis B. This is completely wrong. We know that the human liver has no nerves, so most people with hepatitis B generally do not feel anything very obvious. Even early cirrhosis has no obvious symptoms, and many liver function tests are normal. Therefore, many patients think that my condition is very light, and I can eat, drink, and work without treatment. As we all know, there is a good saying: “If you are sick when you are light, you should wait until you are sick. Wait until you are seriously ill and then it is too late to cure. You should know that with the current medical technology: “cirrhosis is irreversible; liver cancer, not to mention. Human life is the most precious, I hope everyone should cherish life and care for health. Early treatment, early recovery, early peace of mind. It will be too late to regret when it becomes life-threatening. Of course, do not find yourself suffering from hepatitis B disease on the end of the day, as well as “talk about the liver”, and do not blindly use drugs, some people do not go to the pharmacy to buy their own drugs to eat after a comprehensive examination, and even think that the more liver medicine to eat the better, these are not right. When you find out you have hepatitis B disease, don’t panic, go to a large hospital or go to a specialist hospital in time to have a comprehensive examination, and let the doctor make a decision on whether you need treatment or what treatment to take according to your condition, so as to ensure that your body remains healthy.
What are the dangers of hepatitis B “major and minor third”?
It is well known that China is a country with a high prevalence of liver diseases. According to the statistics of the relevant departments, the number of patients carrying the hepatitis B virus in China accounts for about 12%-15% of the total population, which means that there are about 150 million to 200 million people carrying the hepatitis B virus in China. According to statistics, about 20-30% of the patients carrying hepatitis B virus develop liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and ascites due to insufficient attention and timely treatment; 8-12% of the patients are transformed into liver cancer. Every year, about 3 million people die from liver disease in China, and a considerable number of hepatitis B virus carriers are subject to “hepatitis B discrimination” and cannot find ideal jobs or are unemployed; some hepatitis B patients cannot attend ideal schools, join the army and apply for civil service, and even fail to go to school because of this. Some people have their marriages broken up because they were tested for hepatitis B. Some people have a very difficult life because of the long-term treatment of hepatitis B. They suffer from “phobia” and “depression” and become pale of liver. All in all, the pain caused by hepatitis B disease to the patients themselves and their families is imaginable.
At present, hepatitis B disease has attracted the great attention of the relevant departments of the state. Through painstaking research, the relevant scientific research units have continuously developed various new drugs, special drugs and new treatment methods, creating good conditions for the rehabilitation of hepatitis B patients. The government and relevant departments have also introduced laws and regulations to prevent “hepatitis B discrimination”; this has brought good news to the majority of hepatitis B patients in terms of further education, employment and treatment.
Can people with hepatitis B “major and minor” get married and can they pass it on to the next generation?
According to China’s current marriage law, patients with hepatitis B “major and minor triplets” can get married, but they must do the appropriate preventive work or be actively treated when they get married. If a woman is suffering from “major triple-positive”, it is better to cure or change to “minor triple-positive” before getting pregnant. This is because there is a higher chance of transmitting the disease to a child if she becomes pregnant during the “major triple-positive” period. If you have to get pregnant, you should take medication in the seventh month of pregnancy to ensure that you will have a healthy child. It is best not to breastfeed your child after birth. Male patients have very little effect on the next generation. Because hepatitis B is not a genetic disease, it is transmitted later in life.
There are several reasons why hepatitis B “major and minor triplets” are not cured.
A, do not do a comprehensive and systematic examination, based on the “large and small triplet” or simple liver function test blindly medication; many patients found themselves suffering from hepatitis B disease blindly to some small clinics or small hospitals do not have a comprehensive examination for treatment, the doctor alone based on a “two-to-one half “The result is that the medicine is not right for the patient and affects the treatment, which is fruitless. So here I want to tell the majority of hepatitis B patients to pay attention, if they find themselves suffering from hepatitis B “major and minor triplets” must go to regular hospitals and specialist hospitals for a comprehensive examination and treatment.
The comprehensive examination of hepatitis B patients mainly includes the following items.
1.Hepatitis B two pairs of half
2, liver function
3.HBV-DNA
4, immune cells
5, B ultrasound or color ultrasound, if necessary, also check AFP and CT and other items of examination.
We know that the structure of hepatitis B virus is special, it mainly consists of cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus, etc. The cell membrane of the virus is relatively thick, and generally in the case of a single internal medication, because the drug in the stomach and intestines through the decomposition of gastric acid has lost part of the effect, and then through the excretion of urine and feces also have to lose part of the effect, so the real absorption into the Therefore, the efficacy of the drug absorbed into the bloodstream is very low. Especially in some patients with poor gastrointestinal function, the efficacy is even lower, so it is difficult to kill the virus because the concentration of the drug cannot penetrate the cell membrane of the virus, and therefore it is difficult to achieve the ideal therapeutic effect.
Third, the single use of antiviral drugs or hepatoprotective drugs is also very difficult to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. We know that both hepatitis B disease and AIDS belong to immune deficiency and immunodeficiency diseases. Therefore, it is important to improve the immune function of the patient’s body. We know that many antiviral drugs kill the virus and some immune cells at the same time. When patients take antiviral drugs for a long time, the immune function in the patient’s body is also in a long-term low state, and patients form a long-term dependence on antiviral drugs to maintain antiviral function. Therefore, when treated with a single antiviral drug, the rebound rate is generally higher. Therefore, when we treat hepatitis B disease, we generally have to take a combination of antiviral and immunity-boosting therapy to achieve a more desirable treatment effect.
Fourth, the lack of confidence and patience in the treatment process, and the corresponding economic support is one of the main reasons why hepatitis B is not cured. We know that hepatitis B “large and small triple” is a chronic disease, patients in the treatment, in addition to a good choice of hospital, choose a good treatment method in addition to establish the confidence and patience to overcome the disease. Some patients in the treatment, hearsay, full of ears, position uncertain, listen to this person said where good; where not good, or by themselves as if there is no feeling, the mid-term termination of treatment, or family special circumstances and financial difficulties and stop treatment, is also a major reason, followed by the patient’s own thought pressure, long-term in the fear of anxiety, excessive thinking and caused by poor rest, nutrition can not keep up The second reason is that the patients themselves are under a lot of mental stress, and their fears and anxieties for a long period of time can lead to poor rest, poor nutrition, or excessive physical labor. Therefore, we advise the majority of hepatitis B patients in the treatment must be light, put down the burden of thought, establish confidence and determination to overcome the disease, maintain a good state of mind, appropriate exercise, maintain good living habits and diet habits, to lay a good foundation for treatment.
How to choose a hospital, doctor and treatment method is an important key to cure hepatitis B disease. We know that the treatment of hepatitis B disease is a relatively technical specialty. Therefore, it is important to choose a professional hospital with more complete examination equipment and higher quality for treatment, which is the important basis for curing hepatitis B. The patient should not trust the advertisements to some small clinics and hospitals that do not have the appropriate examination equipment and technical quality. Do not believe in the lies of the package; do not just go to the drugstore to buy drugs for self-treatment, because the drugs in the drugstore are some ordinary over-the-counter drugs, and health care products and other drugs. The biggest flaw of those drugs is that they are “one for a thousand people, one for ten thousand people” and may not be suitable for every person’s condition.
What is the clinical significance of HBV-DNA test for hepatitis B virus?
We know that when a human being has hepatitis B disease, it means that the human body is infected with the hepatitis B virus. It is the hepatitis B virus that causes damage to human liver cells, not the “big three” or “small three” that is dangerous to human health. In fact, “big three yang” “small three yang” is just a name given to it by scientists, only to play the role of whether the infectious. The “HBV-DNA” is simply called the hepatitis B virus gene, and the amount of HBV-DNA means how much hepatitis B virus is present. The standard unit used in clinical practice is “Copy/ml”, which means how much hepatitis B virus is contained in each milliliter of blood. By testing the level of HBV-DNA in blood, we can accurately understand the replication of hepatitis B virus, which provides a scientific basis for doctors to determine the treatment plan and the accurate use of therapeutic drugs. By testing the level of HBV-DNA during treatment, it allows doctors to keep track of the direct treatment effect and make a correct judgment on whether there is drug resistance and drug resistance. Therefore, it is said that checking BHV-DNA is of great importance in clinical treatment.
What is the clinical importance of detecting immune cells T cells, NK cells, and B cells.
What we call immune cells is what people usually call immune function and resistance. It’s just that immune cells are a little more specific. T cells, NK cells, and B cells are just a few of the major types of immune cells that are responsible for their own division of labor and responsibilities in the immune system. For example, T cells are called “virulence cells”, which can accurately locate and kill cells infected by viruses and bacteria, and NK cells are called “killer cells”, which have a strong killing effect on virus-infected cells, certain self-tissue cells, parasites, etc., especially on tumor cells. They are particularly effective in killing tumor cells. B cells are called “antibody cells”, which can produce antibodies to prevent viral attacks and provide protection to other cells. It is like a guardian of the city gates, protecting the body. When the B cells are insufficient, the gates will be open and all enemies will enter; when it reaches a certain amount, the gates will be closed and no “enemies” will enter. These are the special functions of T cells, NK cells and B cells. When the number of these immune cells in the blood is reduced to a certain number, some viruses and bacteria in the body will take advantage of the situation and cause illness in the body. Such as AIDS, viral hepatitis, etc. All these diseases are caused by low or defective immune function of the body. Therefore, we have a very important clinical significance in the treatment of viral hepatitis by testing the levels of these immune cells. By accurately checking the levels of these immune cells provides a scientific basis for doctors to accurately use therapeutic drugs, develop a treatment plan and understand the course of treatment, laying a good foundation for a complete cure of hepatitis B.