macular disease
Typical symptoms: macular cystoid edema visual field changes visual impairment dark shadows in front of the eyes vision loss
Disease description: The macula is an important area of the retina, located at the posterior pole of the eye, mainly related to fine vision and color vision and other visual functions. Once the macula becomes diseased, vision loss, black shadows in front of the eyes or distortion of visual objects often occur.
Myopia
Typical symptoms: Leopard’s fundus Pathological myopia White visual field defect Tightness Lens clouding Paresthesia Blind spot Fatigue Pavement-like degeneration Crowding in amblyopic eyes
Disease description: Myopia (myopia) is also called short-sightedness, because this eye can only see close and not far. When at rest, parallel light from an infinite distance is refracted by the eye’s refractive system and assembled into focus before the retina.
Cytomegalovirus Uveitis
Typical symptoms: deafness hepatosplenomegaly jaundice miscarriage immune dysfunction immunodeficiency uveitis retinal hemorrhage edema microcephaly
Disease description: Cytomegalovirus is a herpes virus that does not cause disease in immunocompetent individuals, but can cause gastrointestinal disorders and central nervous system disorders and pulmonary disorders in immunosuppressed individuals.
Vitreous clouding
Typical symptoms: Blindness in one eye, often with foggy blurred vision, dark shadows in front of the eyes
Disease description: The normal vitreous body is a transparent gel with no blood vessels or nerve tissue, and its metabolism is extremely slow. Vitreous turbidity is a dusty vitreous body.
Intermediate uveitis
Typical Symptoms: Monocular preocular dark shadows Macular cystoid edema Ciliary congestion Non-degenerative preocular flying mosquitoes in the elderly Retinal edema Preocular dark shadows
Disease description: Intermediate uveitis is a group of inflammatory and proliferative diseases that primarily involve the ciliary body flat, vitreous base, peripheral retina and choroid, typically presenting as the ciliary body flat.
Runny choroidal atrophy
Typical symptoms: visual impairment retinal edema fundus changes dark shadows in front of the eye
Disease description: Runner choroidal atrophy, also known as peripapillary map-like chorioretinopathy, is a detachment of the retina at the posterior pole of the fundus.
Typical symptoms: hallucinations, uveitis, pigmented spots, visual impairment, retinal detachment, visual distortion, visual field defects, edema, dehydration, dark shadows in front of the eyes
Disease description: Retinal detachment is the separation of the retinal neuroepithelium from the pigment epithelium. Primary retinal detachment is a common clinical condition, with more males than females about 3:2, mostly in their 30s.
Acute retinal necrosis syndrome
Typical symptoms: congestion, outer scleral inflammation, keratitis, retinal hemorrhage, dark shadows in front of the eyes, eye pain, increased eye pressure
Disease description: Acute retinal necrosis syndrome is an eye disease caused by viral infections (mainly varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus infections).
Ciliary body melanoma
Typical symptoms: congestion, clouding of the lens, displacement of the lens, dark shadows in front of the eye, eye pain
Disease description: Ciliary body melanoma refers to a melanotic mass in the ciliary body area consisting of malignant melanoma cells that occur in the melanocytes within the ciliary body stroma.
High myopia
Typical symptoms: dark shadows in front of the eyes protrusion of the eyeball vision is often foggy and blurred visual impairment
vitreous cysticercosis
typical symptoms: spherical cysts visible in the vitreous body retinal detachment black shadows in the eye
Disease description: The cysticercus of the pig cysticercus enters the subretina with the bloodstream through the choroidal vessels and then enters the vitreous, forming vitreous pig cysticercosis, which is more common.
Posterior uveitis
Typical symptoms: tinnitus, diarrhea, oral ulcers, hair loss, uveitis, retinal hemorrhage, retinal edema, retinal detachment, visual distortion, hearing loss
Disease description: Posterior uveitis, also known as chorioretinitis, is also known as chorioretinitis because the choroid and retina are adjacent and when the choroid becomes inflamed, it often affects the retina. Chorioretinitis is characterized by the absence of pain and the presence of vision loss.
Retinal detachment
Typical symptoms: uveitis, pigmented spots, visual disturbances, visual distortion, visual field defects, black shadows in front of the eyes
Disease description: Retinal detachment is a separation between the retinal neuroepithelium and the pigment epithelium. Primary retinal detachment is a common clinical condition, with more males than females being about 3:2, mostly in their 30s.
Frost-like dendritic retinal vasculitis
Typical symptoms: ciliary congestion, herpes, retinal hemorrhage, photophobia, fundus changes, dark shadows in front of the eye
Disease description: Frosty dendritic retinal vasculitis is a type of retinal perivasculitis, which is a rare type of uveitis.
Retinal vasculitis
Typical symptoms: nodules, herpes, granulomas, retinal hemorrhages, retinal edema, visual distortion, dark shadows in front of the eyes, and often foggy blurred vision
Disease description: Retinal vasculitis is a large group of inflammatory diseases involving the retinal vessels, typically presenting as a grayish-white vascular sheath in the fundus, with changes such as exudation, hemorrhage, and retinal edema.
Choroidal melanoma
Typical symptoms: venous reflux disorder, blue visual field defect, internal hemorrhage, uveitis, anterior chamber pigmentation, visual distortion, pupillary margin pigment ectropion, fundus changes, anterior black shadow, protrusion of the eye
Disease description: Choroidal melanoma, like iris and ciliary melanoma, is a tumor composed of malignant melanoma cells that occur in melanocytes within the choroidal stroma.
Birdshot-like retinal choroidopathy
Typical symptoms: congestion, dark spots, macular cystoid edema, granulomas, abnormal color vision, visual impairment, retinal hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration, dark shadows in front of the eyes, purple smoke in front of the eyes
Disease description: Birdshot retinal chorioretinopathy, first formally reported by Ryan and Maumenee in 1980, is a rare form of chronic bilateral chorioretinitis.
Retinal pigment epitheliitis
Typical symptoms: Visual impairment, distortion of vision, dark shadows in front of the eyes
Disease description: Acute pigment epithelitis is of unknown etiology, probably due to viral infection of the pigment epithelium, but also due to certain systemic diseases, with normal ERG and abnormal EOG.
Fundus hemorrhage
Typical symptoms: black shadows in front of the eyes, visual impairment, eye swelling, small black dots in the eyes
Disease description: Fundus hemorrhage is not an independent eye disease, but a feature shared by many eye diseases and some systemic diseases. It is common in retinopathy caused by hypertensive retinopathy, diabetes and nephropathy.