Swollen gums, which are actually painful at the root of the tooth and swollen flesh around it, are also called swollen gums or swollen flesh. Gum swelling is a problem for many people, and when it is severe, it can be difficult to swallow even liquids such as water. So what are the causes of swollen and painful gums? 1, gingivitis, periodontitis: is the most common cause of gum swelling and pain, generally is poor oral hygiene, incomplete cleaning, resulting in plaque calculus buildup, causing irritation to the gums thus forming oral inflammation, the symptoms of gum swelling and pain, whenever the inflammation aggravates, the swelling and pain will be more obvious. 2, tooth decay: If there is tooth decay is not treated in time, it will form pulpitis, injure the pulp nerve and cause periapical inflammation, thus causing gum swelling and pain. 3, food inlay: If the gap between the teeth is relatively large, or the edge of the denture is not tight, it is easy to cause food inlay when eating, and if you do not pay attention to cleaning over time, it will cause inflammation, which will lead to swollen and painful gums, and also accompanied by bad breath. For the above causes of gum swelling and pain, it is recommended to develop good oral hygiene habits, brush your teeth in the morning and evening, and rinse your mouth after meals, which can prevent gingivitis and periodontitis. Adhering to brushing in the morning and evening and rinsing after meals to remove dirt and food residues can prevent the formation of tartar and calculus. Regularly to the dental cleaning is the best dental care method 4, endocrine reasons: some women in endocrine disorders, as well as menstruation, pregnancy due to changes in the body hormones, endocrine environmental changes will cause gum swelling and pain. 5, physical diseases: some systemic diseases, such as leukemia, scurvy, hemophilia, pernicious anemia and other diseases will also have gum swelling and bleeding symptoms. 6, simply on fire: on will also lead to gum swelling and pain, if the weather is dry, the body’s saliva secretion reduced, dry inhalation tract, and then eat some spicy and stimulating food, fried food is easy on fire, will also appear gum swelling and pain.