Hyperthyroidism is very common among women of childbearing age. Whether hyperthyroidism is suitable for pregnancy, whether hyperthyroidism will have adverse effects on pregnant women and fetuses, whether treatment will continue after pregnancy, whether normal breastfeeding will be possible after delivery, etc. are a series of issues of most concern to female patients with hyperthyroidism. Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism increases the incidence of miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth and placental abruption in pregnant women, or poor fetal growth and development, and even hyperthyroidism crisis during delivery. Maternal thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb) can cause fetal or neonatal hyperthyroidism by stimulating the fetal thyroid gland through the placenta. Therefore, do not rush to get pregnant before hyperthyroidism is cured. Generally speaking, for those who take medication, they need to take medication for about 2 years before they can be cured. After stopping medication and observing for half a year without recurrence, pregnancy can be considered; for those who use radioactive 131I treatment, after half a year or one year of treatment, hyperthyroidism can be cured and pregnancy can be considered; for those who undergo surgery, pregnancy can be considered after 3 months without recurrence. 3. Whether you have hyperthyroidism after pregnancy or you are pregnant with hyperthyroidism, you must have reasonable treatment. Generally, pregnant women can tolerate mild hyperthyroidism during pregnancy because anti-thyroid drugs can affect fetal thyroid function through the placenta, and those with mild disease generally do not need anti-thyroid drug treatment. In mild cases, anti-thyroid medication is generally not required. In severe cases, anti-thyroid medication is preferred for those who need treatment. There are two main types of medications for hyperthyroidism: methimazole and propylthiouracil. Propylthioxypyrimethamine is preferred for treating hyperthyroidism in early pregnancy, and methimazole is preferred for mid- to late-term pregnancy. If hyperthyroidism in pregnant women cannot be controlled by drugs or there are serious adverse reactions after using drugs, radioactive 131I treatment for hyperthyroidism is not feasible for such patients, and surgery for hyperthyroidism can be performed during 4-6 months of pregnancy. The goal of antithyroid drug treatment for hyperthyroidism in pregnancy is to use the smallest effective dose of antithyroid drugs to achieve and maintain serum FT4 at the upper limit of normal value in the shortest possible time and to avoid antithyroid drugs from affecting fetal brain development through the placenta. For example, propylthiouracil is commonly used at a dose of 150-300mg/d. After effective, it is gradually reduced to a maintenance dose of 50-100mg daily, and thyroid function is monitored to reduce the drug dose in time. 5. Check thyroid function every 2-4 weeks at the beginning of treatment for hyperthyroidism in pregnancy, and extend it to 4-6 weeks later. The TSH level can still be suppressed several weeks after the serum FT4 reaches normal, so the TSH level cannot be used as a monitoring indicator during treatment. Because the combined application of levothyroxine (L-T4) requires an increase in the dose of antithyroid drugs for controlling hyperthyroidism, the combined use of L-T4 is not recommended during pregnancy. β-blockers such as propranolol are associated with spontaneous abortion and may cause intrauterine growth retardation, prolonged labor, neonatal bradycardia and other complications, so they should be used with caution. Studies have shown that the use of antithyroid drugs during lactation is safe for the offspring. The use of propylthiouracil 150mg/day or tabazol 10mg/day during lactation has no significant effect on the infant’s brain development, but the infant’s thyroid function should be monitored; no complications such as granulocytopenia and liver function have been found in the offspring of mothers treated with antithyroid drugs during lactation. complications such as liver damage. Mothers should take antithyroid medication after breastfeeding is completed, followed by an interval of 3-4 hours before the next breastfeeding session. For treatment of hyperthyroidism during breastfeeding, methimazole is preferred. 7. Newborns delivered by hyperthyroid pregnant women need to be checked for hypothyroidism, goiter, and hyperthyroidism, and thyroid function tests. Neonatal hyperthyroidism can appear immediately after birth or after 1 week, and can be treated with methimazole or propylthioxypyrimethamine. Pregnant women who have taken antithyroid drugs may have temporary hypothyroidism in their newborns, which can be treated with levothyroxine tablets.